近63年新疆喀什市雷暴气候特征分析

利用喀什市1951—2013年63年的雷暴资料,通过数理统计和线性分析,揭示喀什市雷暴气候变化特征。结果表明:喀什市历年出现雷暴日数平均为18.6 d,年雷暴日数年际变化幅度较大,最多年份的雷暴日为38 d,最少年份的雷暴日为7 d,相差5倍多;喀什市雷暴的出现次数多集中春、夏季,尤其是6月份达到最高值,占全年雷暴日数的29.1%;初雷出现在3月中旬,终雷出现在10月中旬,而且初雷的发生时间呈现出越来越早的趋势,终雷结束时间则越来越晚;近63年来,喀什市雷暴日数呈逐年减少的趋势,其气候倾向率为-0.36 d/10年。

Analysis of the Climatic Characteristic of Thunderstorm in Recent 63 Years in Kashi City of Xinjiang

The climatic change characteristic of the thunderstorm weather in Kashi City was analyzed,adapting the mathematical statistic and linearity analysis,by using the thunderstorm climate data of Kashi from 1951 to 2013.The result indicated that the average thunderstorm days of over years was 18.6 d,and the variation of annual thunderstorm days with annual change was significantly,for as the maximum thunderstorm days was 38 d,minimum was 7 d,and the difference between the maximum and minimum was above the 5 times.In the Kashi city the appearance of thunderstorm in focus on spring and summer,specially reached the high level in July that 29.1%of annual thunderstorm days.The first of thunderstorm occurs in mid of March,and about the end thunderstorm was in mid of October,but the time of first thunderstorm was getting early than more and more,and the time of end thunderstorm was late.In conclusion,the thunderstorm days of Kashi City was decreased gradually in recent 63 years,and its climatic tendency rate was-0.36 d/10a.