海北地区主要灾害性天气及其影响特征分析

利用灾害性天气统计数据,对海北藏族自治州2009—2018年主要灾害性天气时空变化特征及影响进行分析。结果表明,对海北地区影响较大的灾害性天气依次是冰雹、暴雨和大风;汛期(5—9月)是灾害性天气的高发期,同时也是气象灾害的集中期;近年来大风天气呈减弱趋势,而冰雹、暴雨天气呈现波动的趋势;刚察地区是3种灾害性天气的高发区,气象灾害却主要集中出现在门源地区;近年来海北地区农作物受灾面积和直接经济损失都呈增长趋势,因气象灾害死亡人数呈明显下降趋势;冰雹灾害对海北地区影响最大,其次是暴雨洪涝灾害;2016年是海北地区受气象灾害影响最严重的年份。

Analysis of Main Disastrous Weather and Its Influence Characteristics in Haibei Area

Based on the statistical data of disastrous weather,the temporal and spatial characteristics and impacts of major disastrous weather from 2009 to 2018 in Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture were analyzed.The results showed that hail,rainstorm and gale were the most important disastrous weather in Haibei.The flood season(May to September)was the high occurrence period of disastrous weather,and also the concentration period of meteorological disasters.In recent years,the gale weather had weakened,while the hail and rainstorm weather had fluctuated.Gangcha area was the high incidence area of three kinds of disastrous weather,but the meteorological disasters were mainly concentrated in Menyuan area.In recent years,the affected area and direct economic loss of crops in Haibei area were increasing,and the number of deaths due to meteorological disasters was obviously decreasing.Hail disaster had the greatest impact on Haibei area,followed by rainstorm and flood disaster.2016 was the most serious year affected by meteorological disasters in Haibei area.