棘皮动物体内防御机制的研究进展

概述了棘皮动物体内防御机制的研究进展。棘皮动物体内具有识别不同异物的机制，体腔细胞具有吞噬、捕捉、包囊入侵外来微生物等多种功能，并介导棘皮动物有效的细胞免疫机制。棘皮动物在捕捉细菌、排出细胞物质、裂解颗粒细胞等过程中能够激活细胞的包囊反应。棘皮动物血淋巴中的溶菌酶、溶血素、类补体及凝集素等因子共同参与机体免疫反应，而感染反应能够诱导细胞因子的产生。体液免疫反应是棘皮动物抵抗微生物入侵的主要防御反应。

Progresses in research on defence mechanism of echinoderms

The echinoderms have the defence mechanism to distinguish different foreign objects and express variable effective defence mechanisms after a variety of non - self challenges. The coelomocytes of echinoderms can phagocytize, entrap and encapsulate invading microorganisms through valid immune cell- mediated mechanism. The process that phagocytized bacteria, discharged cellular materials and disintergrating granular cells can provoke the cellular encapsulation reaction of echinoderms. Lysozyme, hemolysis, lectin and complement - like factors are normal constitutes of coelomic fluid and participate in the immune response. Cytokines are synthesized by echinoderms in response to infection. Humoral immune mechanisms of echinoderm form a main part of defense system against microbial invaders.