菲律宾蛤仔莆田群体两个壳色品系生长发育的比较

于2004年确立了菲律宾蛤仔Ruditapes philippinarum莆田群体斑马蛤和两道红壳色品系，并对不同品系D形幼虫的生长、存活和变态及稚贝期和养成期的生长与存活进行了比较。结果表明：斑马蛤与两道红品系D形幼虫大小差异极显著（P〈0．01），其它组间仅两道红组与对照组（混合壳色）D形幼虫大小差异显著（P〈0．05）；斑马蛤和两道红4日龄及7日龄幼虫的壳长均大于对照组（P〈0．05），但斑马蛤和两道红之间壳长差异不显著（P〉0．05）；各组之间4日龄幼虫存活率无明显差异（P〉0．05），但变态率斑马蛤明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）；24日龄时，斑马蛤壳长显著大于对照组（P〈0．05），其它组间差异均不显著（P〉0．05）；66日龄时，斑马蛤和两道红壳长均显著大于对照组（P〈0.05），但斑马蛤与两道红壳长差异不显著；135日龄时，两道红壳长明显大于斑马蛤和对照组（P〈0．05），斑马蛤壳长也明显大于对照组（P〈0．05）；393日龄时，两道红壳长明显大于斑马蛤和对照组（P〈0．01）。稚贝期和养成期的存活率均以斑马蛤最高，对照组次之，两道红最低。

A comparison of growth and development of Manila Clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) from two pedigrees

Two pedigrees of manila clam(Ruditapes philippinarum)were established on the basis of shell colors in 2004.The pedigrees were Zebra variety with zebra-like color patterns on the shell,and Liangdao Red with two bright red radioactive strips on shells.The shell length of D-larvae,larval growth,survival,metamorphosis and growth and survival at juvenile and grown-out stage were compared for the different manila clam pedigree.The results show that the differences of shell lengths of D-larvae between the Zebra pedigree breed and Liangdao Red pedigree breed and between Liangdao Red pedigree breed and control group were significant.However,no evident difference of shell lengths of D-larvae between the Zebra pedigree breed and control group were found.The shell lengths of Zebra pedigree and Liangdao Red pedigree were larger than that of control group at days 4 and 7.The differences of survival at day 4 among all groups were not significant.The differences of the metamorphosis among all groups were significant.The shell lengths of the Zebra pedigree breed at days 24 and 66 were larger than those of Liangdao Red pedigree and control group.The significant difference of shell length between Zebra and Liangdao Red pedigree was not observed.At day 135,the shell length of Liangdao Red pedigree breed was significantly larger than that of Zebra pedigree and the shell length of Zebra pedigree breed was significantly larger than that of the control group.The survivals in both nursing and grown-out stage were ranged in a descendant order as the following: zebra group> control group > Liangdao Red group.At day 393,the shell length of Liangdao Red pedigree was significantly larger than those of Zebra pedigree breed and control group.