翘嘴鳜、斑鳜及其杂交后代的胚胎和胚后发育比较

利用人工催产、人工授精的方法取得翘嘴鳜Siniperca chuatsi、斑鳜Siniperca schezeri及其正反交杂交后代的受精卵,在常温下对翘嘴鳜、斑鳜及其杂交后代的胚胎和胚后发育进行了观察与比较。结果表明：4种卵子中,斑鳜及以斑鳜为母本杂交种的卵子大于翘嘴鳜及以翘嘴鳜为母本杂交种的卵子,前者直径为（1.86±0.07）mm,后者为（1.08±0.06）mm。在外部条件相同的情况下,4种胚胎发育时序基本以母本为基准,即以翘嘴鳜为母本的杂交种胚胎发育时序与翘嘴鳜的相同,以斑鳜为母本杂交种的则与斑鳜相同。在水温28.0～30.0℃下,以翘嘴鳜为母本的两种胚胎孵化需时约34 h,而在26.5～30.0℃下,以斑鳜为母本的两种胚胎孵化需时约91 h。以斑鳜为母本的初孵仔鱼比较大,全长为（4.60±0.07）mm,以翘嘴鳜为母本的初孵仔鱼全长为（4.00±0.05）mm。

Morphological comparison of embryonic and post-embryonic developments in mandarinfish Siniperca chuatsi, spotted mandarinfish Siniperca schezeri and their hybrids

Embryonic and post-embryonic developments were observed and compared in mandarinfish Siniperca chuatsi,spotted mandarinfish Siniperca schezeri and their hybrids induced to spawn and artificially fertilized at room temperature.The spotted mandarinfish and the hybrids（1.86 mm±0.07 mm in diameter）（spotted mandarinfish ♀×mandarinfish♂）had larger eggs than the mandarinfish（1.08 mm±0.06 mm in diameter） did.Under the same environmental conditions,the mandarinfish,spotted mandarinfish and their hybrids usually had the same embryonic development procedures as the females,or,the hybrids（spotted mandarinfish ♀×mandarinfish♂） as the spotted mandarinfish,and the hybrids（spotted mandarinfish♂×mandarinfish ♀） as the mandarinfish.The embryos of the mandarinfish and the hybrids（spotted mandarinfish♂×mandarinfish♀） were hatched in about 34 h at 28.0-30.0 ℃,while the embryos of the spotted mandarinfish and the hybrids（spotted mandarinfish♀×mandarinfish♂） were hatched in about 91 h at 26.5-30.0 ℃.There were larger newly hatched larvae（about 4.60 mm±0.07 mm in total length） in the spotted mandarinfish and the hybrids（spotted mandarinfish♀×mandarinfish♂） than those in the mandarinfish and the hybrids（spotted mandarinfish♂×mandarinfish♀）（about 4.00 mm±0.05 mm in total body length）.