以育苗废水作热源的海水热泵制热性能研究

以新鲜海水和育苗废水作热源，研究了海水热泵的制热性能和对育苗水体的升温效果。结果表明：增加海水热源温度和流量，有利于提高海水热泵的蒸发温度和制热量，当海水热源温度和流量保持在16℃和300L／h以上时，海水热泵具有良好的制热性能，热泵的制热系数COP值超过3．5；提高海水热源温度，冷凝器出水升温幅度随之增加，但是随着海水热源流量增大，冷凝器出水升温幅度明显下降，当海水热源温度高于16℃、流量小于300L/h时，冷凝器出水升温幅度保持在5．8℃以上；利用净化后的育苗废水（温度为21～23℃，流量为300t／h）作热源时，海水热泵具有良好的运转性能，热泵的COP值达到4．2，冷凝器出水升温幅度达7．6℃，海水热泵的水体升温费用与燃煤锅炉相当，仅为燃气锅炉、电加热和燃油锅炉加热费用的14．5％、23．7％和28．5％。

A seawater heating pump using effluent from a hatchery for heat recovery in a recirculating aquaculture system

The performance and water heating efficiency of a seawater heat pump were studied using clean seawater and wastewater or effluent as heating sources, in a recirculating aquaculture system. Results showed that increase in temperature and flow rate of the heat sources led to improvement of operating performance of the seawater heating pump. The coefficient of operating performance （COP） of the seawater heating pump was found to be over 3.5 when the heat sources was at temperature of above 16 ℃ and flow rate of 300 L/h. Also, the water temperature in condenser outlet rose significantly as the heating source was decreased in flow rate or increased in temperature. The water temperature was increased to over 5.8 ℃ at the condenser outlet when the heat sources was up to 16 ℃ and flow rate of less than 300L/h. Furthermore, the seawater heat pump showed favorable performance when it used the waste water （21-23 ℃ and 300 L/h） from a hatchery as the heat source in marine culture system, with the COP of 4.2, rising by 7.6℃ at the condenser water outlet, and the energy cost being equivalent to that using coal fired boiler, only 14.5% of gas fired boiler, 23.7% of electricity and 28.5% of oil fired boiler.