复方中草药对仿刺参免疫力和抗病力的影响

将以黄芪、党参为主药并加入另外5味中草药所配伍的复方中草药粉碎制剂,以质量分数分别为0%（对照组）、0.5%、1.5%和2.5%的剂量添加于基础饲料中,连续投喂仿刺参Apostichopus japonicus37d,在试验开始后第1、2、3、4周采样,测定仿刺参的肠、触手、体壁、肌肉和体腔液中的抗菌活力及体腔细胞的吞噬活性;于试验开始后第4周,用仿刺参＂化皮病＂病原菌黄海希瓦氏菌Shewanella marisflavi以3.7×108个/mL的浓度在每头仿刺参背部注射0.1 mL的菌悬液,每天观察记录死亡个体症状,统计死亡率,计算相对保护率（共观察记录7 d）。结果显示：各组的抗菌活力均随着用药时间的延长、用药浓度的加大而升高,总体趋势表现为2.5%添加组〉1.5%添加组〉0.5%添加组〉对照组;各用药组仿刺参的体腔细胞吞噬能力均随着用药时间的延长呈现先升高后降低的趋势,第2、3周达峰值,总体趋势表现为1.5%添加组〉2.5%添加组〉0.5%添加组〉对照组;攻毒试验结果显示,对照组仿刺参3 d后全部死亡,第7天各用药组相对保护率依次为1.5%添加组〉0.5%添加组〉2.5%添加组,分别为30.0%、20.0%和10.0%。由此表明,该复方中草药可以显著提高仿刺参的免疫力和抗病力,以1.5%添加剂量组的效果最佳。

Effects of a compound Chinese herbal medicine on immunity and disease resistance in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

The sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus was fed the diets containing a cine combined with Astragalus, and Codonopsis at a dose of 0% , 0.5% , 1.5% days, and were analysed for several immune parameters in different tissues. After cucumber was injected 0.1 mL of bacterial suspension of Shewanella marisflavi compound Chinese herbal medior 2.5% for 7, 14, 21 and 28 acclimated for 28 days, the sea in the back at concentration of 7×10^8 cells/mL. The daily symptoms and mortality were recorded for 7 days to calculate the relative percent protection（RPP）. The results showed that there were significant influence of Chinese herbal medicine on antibacterial activity（Ua） in different tissues and phagocytic function in coelomocytes （P〈0.05）. The Ua was shown to increase with time proceeded and increase in concentration of the compound Chinese herbal medicine. There was a tendency of first increase and then decrease in phagocytic function in the coelomocytes, with the peak value at 14 or 21 days. Both the peak activities of Ua and PP in the coelomocytes were observed at the drug concentration of 1.5%, fol- lowed by at 2.5%, 0.5% and then at 0%. The challenge test showed that the sea cucumber in the control group was all death 3 days after the infection while the relative percent protection was 30% in the 1.5% group, 20 % in the 0. 5% group and 10% in the 2.5% group 7 days after the infection. It is suggested that the Chinese herbal medicine can significantly improve the immunity and disease resistance in the sea cucumber at the optimum concentration of 1.5%.