用吊耳法养殖虾夷扇贝时左壳定向方法的研究

为了实现吊耳法养殖虾夷扇贝Patinopecten yessoensis的钻孔作业自动化,对扇贝左壳定向方法进行了研究。提出了利用扇贝左右壳曲率不同的形状特征,通过控制扇贝的入水速度和角度,在水中实现左壳定向的方法。结果表明：扇贝在水中运动时,左右两壳所受的压力不同,扇贝在流体压力差和重力的作用下实现左壳朝上。在入水速度为1.0～1.5 m/s、入水角度为-30°～60°、水槽直径为60 cm、槽深为26 cm以上的条件下,将扇贝投入静水中,可实现左壳朝上定向;扇贝在水中完成定向所需时间为0.42～0.45 s。该法既可避免机械振动和碰撞对扇贝的损伤,又能减少因加工过程中扇贝在空气中暴露对其生长的影响。

A left shell orientation method in scallop suspending culture via a hinge

Yesso scallop（Patinopecten yessoensis） suspending culture drilling of a hole in the hinge on the left shell,and the scallops are often damaged,even death due to the vibration.A novel method to ensure the left shell orientation in water was studied by the different radius of left-right shell curvature and by regulation of the speed and angle of scallop entering water for automatic in-line positioning and posturing of the scallop shell.The results showed that the pressure on the left and right shells was found different when the scallop moved in the water.The left shell moved up under the different levels of fluid pressure and the role of gravity,that is,showed up-oriented at water current varying from 1.0 to 1.5 m/s,in a 60 cm diameter and 26 cm depth tank within 0.42 s to 0.45 s when the scallop was put into the water at a angle from-30° to 60°.This method is characterized by undamaged scallops caused by vibration and impact,and less the influence on growth of the scallop exposed to the air.