几种中草药对海水养殖中常见病原菌的抗菌作用

采用水煎煮法、微波乙醇提取法和微波水提取法对补骨脂、肉桂、黄连、五倍子、石榴皮、大黄、黄芩、苦参、乌梅、白头翁10种中草药进行提取,并用其提取液对海水养殖中7种常见致病菌（灿烂弧菌Vibriosplendidus、黄海希瓦氏菌Shewanella marisflavi、哈维氏弧菌Vibrio harveryi、副溶血弧菌Vibrio parahaemolytic-us、迟钝爱德华氏菌Edwardsiellosis tarda、海豚链球菌Streptococcus iniae、杀鲑气单胞菌Aeromonas salmonici-da）的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（MBC）进行了测定,同时进行联合药敏试验,研究了几种中草药对海水养殖中常见病原菌的抗菌作用。结果表明：五倍子和石榴皮的抑菌杀菌效果最好,五倍子的MIC分别为0.78～1.56 mg/mL（水煎煮法、微波水提取法）、0.39～1.56 mg/mL（微波乙醇提取法）,石榴皮的MIC分别为1.56～3.13 mg/mL（水煎煮法）、0.78～1.56 mg/mL（微波乙醇提取法）、0.78～3.13mg/mL（微波水提取法）;五倍子的MBC分别为3.13～6.25 mg/mL（水煎煮法）、1.56～3.13 mg/mL（微波乙醇提取法、微波水提取法）,石榴皮的MBC分别为6.25～25 mg/mL（水煎煮法）、3.13～6.25 mg/mL（微波乙醇提取法、微波水提取法）。其次是黄连、黄芩和乌梅,而大黄、补骨脂、肉桂、苦参、白头翁的抑菌、杀菌效果一般或者较弱。用3种方法提取的中草药对7种病原菌的抗菌作用依次为：微波乙醇提取法提取液≥微波水提取法提取液≥水煎煮法提取液。联合药敏试验结果表明,复方五倍子与乌梅、五倍子与甘草对灿烂弧菌,黄芩与甘草对迟钝爱德华氏菌,石榴皮与乌梅对海豚链球菌,五倍子与石榴皮、五倍子与黄芩对黄海希瓦氏菌的抑制分别有协同作用,该结果可为水产养殖临床用药提供参考资料。

Antibacterial action of several Chinese herbal medicines to major marine pathogenic bacteria

The minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum bactericidal concentrations of 10 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines including Fructus Psoraleae,Cortex Cinnamomi,Rhizoma Coptidis,Galla Chinensis,Pericarpium Granati,Radix et Rhizoma Rhei,Radix Scutellariae,Radix Sophorae Flavescentis,Fructus Mume and Radix Pulsatillae extracted by decoction by boiled water,microwave by ethanol and microwave by boiled water to 7 marine pathogenic bacteria strains were determined.Also,susceptibility of the pathogenic bacteria...