牙鲆继饥饿后的摄食和生长的研究

对牙鲆Paralichthys olivaceus（体重5.93 g±1.20 g）继饥饿后的摄食和生长进行了研究。牙鲆饥饿5d（S5）、10 d（S10）和15 d（S15）后恢复喂食20 d,对照组持续喂食20 d,测定恢复喂食期间牙鲆的摄食率（FR）、食物转化效率（FCE）、吸收率（AE）和排粪率（DR）,同时测定饥饿和恢复喂食期间牙鲆的全长、体重、特定生长率（SGR）、比肝重（HSI）、肝胰脏和肌肉中的RNA/DNA。结果表明：恢复喂食过程中,牙鲆的FR先升高后下降,而FCE则均先下降后升高;S5和S10组牙鲆的总吸收率（TAE）高于对照组,而S15组则低于对照组;S5组牙鲆的全长和体重接近对照组,而S10和S15组则不如对照组;饥饿处理组牙鲆的SGR在恢复喂食后先升高后降至对照组水平;饥饿时间越长,牙鲆的HSI越小,在恢复喂食过程中HSI逐渐接近对照组;饥饿时间越长,肝胰脏和肌肉中的RNA/DNA越小,在恢复喂食过程中RNA/DNA迅速升高,接近或超过对照组;在20 d的恢复喂食过程中,S5组出现完全补偿生长,S10和S15组出现部分补偿生长。研究表明,牙鲆在恢复喂食过程中,通过先提高FR后再提高FCE的方式产生补偿生长。

The effects of starvation on refeeding and growth in Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Starvation on refeeding and growth of juvenile Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus（body weight 5.93±1.20 g,body length 8.6±0.4 cm） was investigated at（20±1）℃.The juveniles were starved for 0（S0）,5（S5）,10（S10） or 15（S15） days and then refed to satiation for 20 days.Feeding rate（FR）,food conversion efficiency（FCE）,absorption efficiency（AE） and dejecta production rate（DR） during refeeding and total body length,body weight,specific growth rate（SGR）,hepatosomatic index（HSI）,and RNA/DNA ratio in hepatopancreas and muscle during starvation and refeeding were monitored.Results showed that FR increased first and then decreased.FCE decreased first and then increased.Total AE in S5 and S10 was higher than that in S0 while AE in S15 was lower than that in S0 during 20 days refeeding.The total length and body weight in S5was consistency with that in S0but was not consistency with that in S10 or S15.SGR in starvation groups was found to increase first and then decrease to that in S0 during refeeding.The HSI had negative relationship with starvation time.HSI in starvation groups gradually was consistency with that in S0 during refeeding.The longer period the fish was starved for,the lower the RNA/DNA rario in hepatopancreas and muscle was.RNA/DNA ratio in hepatopancreas and muscles increased during refeeding,similar or surpass that in control group.Complete compensatory growth was observed in S5 and partial compensatory growth occurred in S10 and S15 during 20 day refeeding.Compensatory growth was attributed in increase in FR first and in FCE later during refeeding.