中华倒刺鲃和光倒刺鲃肌肉营养品质的比较

对中华倒刺鲃Spinibarbus sinensis和光倒刺鲃Spinibarbus hollandi的肌肉营养成分与营养品质进行了比较。结果表明：中华倒刺鲃和光倒刺鲃肌肉（鲜样）中蛋白质和脂肪含量相对较高；这两种鱼肌肉中均含有17种氨基酸，总量分别为73．61％、68．27％（质量分数，下同，干重），其中7种人体必需氨基酸（不包括色氨酸）分别为氨基酸总量的43．83％、44．09％，必需氨基酸指数（EAAI）分别为71．34％、66．34％，其构成比例基本符合FAO／WHO的标准，4种鲜味氨基酸总量分别为24．22％、22．59％（干重），两种鱼的限制性氨基酸为蛋氨酸＋胱氨酸、缬氨酸和苯丙氨酸＋酪氨酸；脂肪酸中EPA与DHA含量均较高，矿物元素比值合理。上述分析表明，中华倒刺鲃和光倒刺鲃肌肉均为优质的动物蛋白食品，但中华倒刺鲃的营养品质优于光倒刺鲃。

Comparative nutrition in muscles of Spinibarbus sinensis and S. hollandi

Approximate components in muscles were determined to compare the nutrition in Spinibarbus sinensis and S.hollandi collected from culture ponds in Chengdu and Nanning in March of 2004. The results showed that contents of crude protein, crude fat, moisture, ash and carbohydrates in muscle of S.sinensis and S.hollandi (fresh muscles) were 19.22%,18.02%; 1.96%,3.73%; 77.0%,76.5%; 1.62%,1.56% and (0.18%),0.15%, respectively. There were 17 amino acids and 7 essential amino acids for human needs in muscles of the two fish species (undetermination of tryptophane).Total contents of amino acids were 73.61% and 68.27%(in dry matter); the content of essential amino acids were 32.26% and 30.10%(in dry matter); the percentages of essential amino acids in total amino acids were 43.83% and 44.09%; ratio of essential amino acids to no-essential amino acids (EAA/NEAA) were 78.02% and 78.86% (in dry matter), respectively. Apparently, the content of the different amino acids were stable and the essential amino acids constitution accorded with the FAO/WHO Standard. According to nutrition evaluation, in the amino acids score (AAS) and chemical score (CS), the first limited amino acids the of two fish species were Met+ Cys and the second limited amino acids were valine and Phe+ Tyr; the essential amino acids index (EAAI) were 71.34 and 66.34, respectively; the content of four delicious amino acids were 24.22% and 22.59% in dry matter, respectively. There were higher EPA and DHA in S.sinensis and S.hollandi than in other economic fishes. For the two species, however, S.sinensis had better nutrition value than S.hollandi.