研制鱼类配合饲料的几个基本理论问题

本文综合国内外鱼类营养学和饲料研究工作成果,以及我们的有关研究成果,论述了研制虹鳟、鲤、青鱼、草鱼、团头纺和尼罗非卿等七种池塘主要养殖鱼类配合饲料的三个基本理论问题:1.对蛋白质和必需氨基酸的最适需要量,脂肪和必需脂肪酸的需要量,糖和纤维素的需要量,以及矿物质和维生素的需要量;2.动物性和植物性饲料原料的营养持点和营养价值;3.提高鱼类配合饲料生理学效价的主要途径.

Several basic theoretical aspects in preparing the compound feed of fishes

The basic aspects in preparing the compound feed of Rainbow trout(Salmo gairdneri), Common carp(Cyprinus capio), Black carp(Mylopharyngodon piceus),Grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idellus), Wuchang fish(Megalobrama ainblycephala) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)have been summarized, including the optimum protein requirement and minimum protein requirement, the optimum dietary protein content, the essential amino acid requirement and the ratio among them, the lipid and essential fatty acid requirement, the sacc-haride and cellulose requirement, the dietary caloric requirement and the minerals and vitamins requirement. The nutritive characteristics and value of several major plant and animal dietary sources were discussed. The way to improve the physiological value of compound feed has been suggested.(1 ) mixing the feed with various dietary sources to take the advantages of the complementary role of protein;(2) adding a limited amount of oil to the compound to increase caloric value of feed and spare protein;(3) adding free amino acids to the feed to adjust the proportion of essential amino acids;(4) adding the mixture of vitamins and minerals to the feed.