哈维氏弧菌灭活疫苗在养殖大黄鱼中的应用与评价

将分离自大黄鱼Pseudosciaena crocea的病原菌GYC1108-1,在体积分数为0.5%的福尔马林溶液中灭活24 h,制成灭活全菌苗（细菌含量为6×109cfu/mL）;用该灭活菌苗分别免疫小白鼠和大黄鱼,并检测小白鼠和大黄鱼血清中抗体效价及疫苗对鱼体的免疫保护力。结果表明：小白鼠经注射疫苗后28 d,血清中抗体效价最高达1∶4 000,大黄鱼经注射和浸泡免疫后,血清中最高抗体效价分别为1∶1 280和1∶320,免疫保护率分别为75%和65%;抗GYC1108-1的抗体与不同种属细菌间存在着交叉反应,其分类地位越近,交叉反应也越大;用研制的疫苗开展大黄鱼生产性免疫预防试验,受免疫组鱼存活率有较大提高,分别为85%和86%,而未免疫组鱼存活率仅有70%,表明疫苗可有效防治养殖大黄鱼细菌性病害。

The use of the vaccine derived from inactivated pathogenic Vibrio harvey strain GYC1108-1 in cage-cultivated large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea

The vaccine（6×109cfu/mL suspension） was prepared from the pathogenic Vibrio harvey strain GYC1108-1 isolated from cage-cultivated large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea with the bacterial diseases and inactivated by 0.5% formalin for 24 h.Mice were vaccinated with the inactivated vaccine via injection routines and the large yellow croaker was vaccinated via immersion and injection.The antibody titer of immunized mice was as high as 1∶4 000.The relative survival percent（RSP,%） of mice was 100% on the 30th days after vaccination.The RPS of 75%,and 65% and the maximal antibody titer were observed at 1∶1 280 for the injection and 1∶320 immersion immumized fishes.The antibody against GYC1108-1 strain had cross-react with close relation bacteria,and showed weak or no cross-react with other bacteria.The field test in Taizhou marine fish farms in Zhoushan revealed that the survival rate of the immunized fish was found to increase to 85% and 86%,compared with the unimmunized group（70%）,indicating that this vaccine had a good protection and a practical prospect.