MS-222、丁香油、苯唑卡因对养殖美洲鲥幼鱼的麻醉效果

研究了MS-222、丁香油、苯唑卡因3种麻醉剂对美洲鲥Alosa sapidissima幼鱼的麻醉效果,并运用该3种麻醉剂的适宜剂量对美洲鲥幼鱼进行了运输试验。麻醉试验结果表明:在较高麻醉浓度(MS-222为75 mg/L以上,丁香油为20 mg/L以上,苯唑卡因为40 mg/L以上)下,鱼很快(30 min内)停止鳃盖张合运动,且停止鳃盖运动的鱼在空气中暴露一定时间(10 min内)后也能够复苏;在适宜的麻醉浓度(MS-222为20-30 mg/L,丁香油为8-10 mg/L;苯唑卡因为20-30 mg/L)下,鱼能够进入麻醉状态,且能保持很长时间(12 h);麻醉效果随着水温的升高而增强;在20 mg/L MS-222麻醉剂下,小规格鱼较大规格鱼更容易进入麻醉状态,而在10 mg/L丁香油和20 mg/L苯唑卡因麻醉剂下,小规格鱼却难进入麻醉状态。运输试验结果表明:麻醉运输组和对照组(非麻醉运输组)鱼血清中皮质醇的含量均显著高于基础组(运输前)(P<0.05);麻醉运输后鱼血清中皮质醇的含量虽均有一定程度的升高,但明显低于对照组,其中仅苯唑卡因麻醉运输组鱼血清中皮质醇的含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验结果表明,苯唑卡因更适合用于运输美洲鲥的麻醉。

Anaesthetic effects of MS -222, clove oil and benzocaine on cultured American shad Alosa sapidissima finglings

Anesthetic effects of MS-222,clove oil and benzocaine on American shad Alosa sapidissima fingerlings were studied and two-hour transportations of the shad were conducted at the optimal anesthetic concentration.The results showed that the American shad fingerlings stopped opercular movement less than half an hour after anesthetia when the fish were exposed to concentration of MS-222 at 75 mg/L,clove oil at 20 mg/L and bezocaine at 40 mg/L.The fish recovered to normal behaviors again after exposed in air for less than 10 min when transferred into fresh water.The shad fingerlings had good anaesthesia for more than 12 h at 20-30 mg MS-222/L,8-10 mg /L clove oil and 20-30 mg/L benzocaine.The anesthetic effects were enhanced at high water temperature and changed with fish sizes.Small fish were more easily in good anaesthesia than the bigger one in MS-222 while the opposite case was found in clove oil and in benzocaine.There were significantly higher serum cortisols in the fingerlings 2 hs after transportation with or without anaethetics than those in the initial fish(before transportation)(P<0.05).The serum cortisols in fish transported with clove oil(10 mg/L) or benzocaine(30 mg/L) were significantly lower than that in the control group(transportation without anaesthetics)(P<0.05).There was no significant differences in serum cortisol between the fingerlings 2 hs after transportation with 20 mg/L MS-222 and the fish in the control group(P>0.05).The results indicated that the anaethetics especially benzocaine,had catabatic effect on the transport stress.