表温和黑潮年间变化对西北太平洋柔鱼渔场分布的影响

根据1998—2007年6—11月西北太平洋中国鱿钓船的生产统计数据,结合黑潮及表温等海洋环境资料,分析了近10年来表温和黑潮年间变化对西北太平洋柔鱼渔场分布的影响。结果表明,各月经度向作业船次所占比重超过5%的海域：6月为171°-174°E和176°-180°E;7月为157°-161°E、167°-169°E和179°-180°E;8月为151°-158°E;9月为152°-160°E;10月为146°-147°E、151°-160°E;11月为145°-148°E、150°-156°E。各月纬度向作业船次所占比重均超过20%的海域：6月为39°-41°N;7月为40°-42°N;8月为41°-44°N;9月为42°-45°N;10月为42°-44°N;11月为40°-42°N。渔场分布变化纬度向远比经度方向大。研究认为,作业渔场年间变化的原因可能来自其表温年间变化（同一月份的水温年标准差大）和黑潮等因素。黑潮大弯曲年份,主要作业渔场150°-160°E海域表温通常较低,作业渔场分布广泛,但CPUE较低;而黑潮小弯曲年份则情况相反。

Effect of inter-annual change in sea surface water temperature and Kuroshio on fishing ground of squid Ommastrephes bartramii in the Northwest Pacific

In this paper,effect of inter-annual change in sea surface water temperature and Kuroshio on fishing ground of squid Ommastrephes bartramii was studied based on the fishing data by Chinese squid jigging boats between June and November from 1998 to 2007.The results showed that the area with more than 5% of the total catch was distributed in the longitude direction as follows： 171°-174°E and 176°-180°E in June,157°-161°E,167°-169°E and 179°-180°E in July,151°-158°E in August,152°-160°E in September,146°-147°E and 151°-160°E in October,145°-148°E and 150°-156°E in November.In the latitude direction,however,the area with more than 20% of the total catch was found in the waters as follows： 39°-41°N in June,40°-42°N in July,41°-44°N in August,42°-45°N in September,42°-44°N in October and 40°-42°N in November.The more change in fishing ground was observed in the latitude than that in the longitude.The reasons for changeable fishing ground were attributed to the inter-annual change in SST（the large standard deviation of SST in the same month） and the Kuroshio.When there was a large bending with Kuroshio,the sea surface temperature were generally lower in the waters from 150°to 160 E,the fishing ground were widely distributed,with a lower CPUE.However,when there has been a small bend with Kuroshio,the case was the opposite.