山楂叶黄酮提取工艺优化及周年积累动态和分布特性的研究

对山楂品种"甜水"叶片中总黄酮的超声波提取工艺及周年积累动态和分布规律进行了研究。结果表明:超声波提取山楂叶片中总黄酮的最优工艺条件为用70%乙醇在温度40℃、功率450W条件下,以料液比1∶30提取30min。年生长周期中,山楂叶总黄酮含量总体呈上升趋势,落叶时总黄酮含量最高,确定秋季果实成熟后为最佳采叶期。生长前期营养枝上叶片黄酮含量高于结果枝叶,后期相反;不同长度枝叶片黄酮无明显的差异;整个生长期内叶片黄酮含量上位叶中位叶下位叶、叶柄托叶。

Optimization of Extracting Technology and Annual Accumulation Dynamics and Distribution Characters of Crataegus pinnatifida Leaf Flavonoids

The accumulation dynamics and distribution law during the whole year period of the total flavonoids in Crataegus pinnatifida leaves of “Tianshui” cultivar were studied using supersonic extracting technology. The resultsindicated that the optimal technology was as follows: 70％ ethanol was used to extract at 40℃ and 450 W power, and each extraction lasted 30 minutes with its ratio of raw material to extracting solution set at 1∶30. The total content of flavonoids during the whole year period presented a gradual increase on the whole and reached the highest at the defoliation stage. It showed that the best leaf plucking time was in autumn after fruit maturity. The distribution of flavonoids in the Crataegus pinnatifida leaves showed that nutritive shoots were higher than bearingshoots at first growth stage and reversed at the later stage. The content of flavonoids in different length shoots of Crataegus pinnatifidaleaves had no obviousdifferences. In the whole year growth period, the content of flavonoids was: in  top leaves>the middle leaves>the basitar leaves and the stalk>the stipule.