玉米地膜覆盖增产的土壤生态学基础

本试验对玉米地膜覆盖增产机制进行了研究,结果表明:地膜覆盖具有增温保墒的作用,同时在地膜覆盖条件下土壤中细菌、放线菌、真菌等数量增加,其中细菌、放线菌的数量随玉米生育期的推进逐渐增多,而真菌的数量则逐渐减少。另外,地膜覆盖为土壤微生物的活动提供了有利条件,从而使其数量增多,活性增强,同时各种土壤酶活性提高,加速土壤养分转化,提高土壤有效养分含量,为玉米增产打下了良好的土壤生态学基础。

Soil ecological basis for plastic-sheet-covered Maize increasing yields

Bfof Effect of plastic-sheet -covered cultivation on yield of Maize (Zeamays L. ) was studied. The results showed that plastic-sheet-covered cultivation has the effects on increasing soil temperature and soil water retention. The numbers of bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi were higher in plasctic-sheet-covered soils than that in uncovered soils. The numbers of bacteria and actinomycetes increased with corn growing, but that of the fungi changed in vise versa. In addition, the plastic-sheet provided a proper condition for soil organisms and increased the amounts and activities of soil Enzyme. Therefore, nutrient transformation was accelerated and soil fertility was improved. The plastic-sheet-covered treatment provided a suitable soil ecological condition for corn yields increasing.