高粱产量构成因素的遗传模型测验

以５个不同类型不育系为母本，６个中国高粱恢复系为父本作５×６格子方杂交，采用增广ＮＣⅡ设计，对高粱产量因素穗粒数、穗粒重及千粒重进行遗传模型测验。结果表明，高粱的穗粒数、穗粒重及千粒重等性状均不符合加性──显性模型，而存在着极显著的显性效应和上位性效应。增效、减效等位基因频率在雌、雄亲间的分配，穗粒重和千粒重有明显差异，但穗粒数不明显。穗粒数、穗粒重及千粒重均为超显性遗传，该３个性状的增效、减效等位基因均可能为显性或隐性，随基因位点而不同。

Test on Genetic Models of Yield Component of Sorghum

The research results showed that the three preportes of sorghum, the kernal numbers of panicle, hemal weight of panicle and 1000-seeds weight did not follow additive-dominant geneticmodels. But the three preporties had significantly dominant and epistatic effectivenes. The hemal weight of panicle and 1000-seeds weight were signicantly different from the distribution of allele frequency of additive and reducing effectivness between female and male parents, but the results of test of hemal numbers of panicle was not significant. The kernal numbers of panicle,the hemal weight of panicle and 1000-hemal weight of panicle all belonged to epistatic and dominant heredity on dominant quality. The allele of edditive and reduing effectiveness of the three properties were all dominant or recessive probablyand it differed according to position of sene.