岑溪软枝油茶籽成熟过程中营养物质含量变化和萌发能力研究

以岑溪软枝油茶优良无性系‘岑软2号’为试验对象,从油茶籽仁发育初期持续取样至油茶籽大部分自然脱落,研究油茶籽在成熟过程中主要营养物质含量的动态变化,并分析其与种子萌发率之间的关系。结果表明:随着油茶籽的发育,种仁含水量均匀下降,脂肪含量不断上升,蛋白质含量呈先升后降再升的变化趋势,总糖和淀粉含量不断下降;油茶籽成熟过程中种仁含油率与总糖含量呈极显著负相关,与淀粉含量呈显著负相关,但与蛋白质含量正相关不显著;种子萌发率与种仁含油率呈极显著正相关,与总糖呈极显著负相关,与淀粉和蛋白质的相关性不显著;在本调查区域,针对油茶栽培生产,11月中旬至12月中旬采收最佳;针对育苗生产,10月中旬即可采收。

Change of Nutrient Contents and Germination Ability of seeds of Camellia oleifera Cenxi Ruanzhi during the mature stage

Oil-tea camellia (Camellia oleifera Abel) clone Cenruan 2 was selected and its seeds were sam-pled during the whole seed development stages from its initial development to seed drop. Their contents of major nutrients were determined during their whole development to analyze their dynamic change and their relation with seed germination rate. The results showed that with the development of the seeds, the seeds decreased their water content, increased their fat content, increased and then decreased the protein content, and decreased the content of total sugar and starch continuously. The oil content of the seeds at the mature stage was significantly negatively correlated the seed total sugar content, and negatively with starch content, but not significantly positively with protein content. The seed germination rate was signifi-cantly positively correlated with the seed oil rate, negatively with the seed total sugar but not significantly with starch and protein. It is best to harvest seeds of oi-tea cemellia during the period from mid-November to mid-December in the area where samples were collected, and the seeds can also be harvested in mid-October for seedling production.