海南植胶区不同群落结构林下生物多样性分析

通过样方调查的方法分析海南植胶区4种不同特点、不同气候带及不同地形的林下植被生物多样性。结果表明,4种植被林(包括幼龄橡胶林、老龄橡胶林、桉树人工林、天然次生林)中,物种数由高到低分别为老龄橡胶林(44种)>幼龄橡胶林(41种)>天然次生林(39种)>桉树人工林(30种);不同气候带林下物种组成及生物多样性指数差异较大,表现为湿润气候带以需水量大的草本植物,干旱半干旱地区以适应性强的植物为主,且湿润气候带的物种优势度指数和丰富度指数高于干旱、半干旱气候带,而多样性指数和均匀度指数则相反;其次,平原台地与山丘地区的4种群落类型下物种优势度λ均具有一定的差异,整体表现为天然次生林>老龄橡胶林>幼龄橡胶林>桉树人工林。

Biodiversity of Different Forest Community and Structure in Rubber Planting Areas in Hainan

The vegetation types and biodiversity of different characteristics,different climatic zones and terrain in rubber planting area in Hainan were investigated.The young rubber plantations,the older rubber plantations,eucalyptus plantations and natural secondary forest were investigated.The results showed that the descending order of species diversity of four vegetation types were the older rubber plantations,young rubber plantations,natural secondary forest,eucalyptus plantations,with 44 species,41 species,39 species and 30 species,respectively.The vegetation types and biodiversity index were quite different in different climatic zones,herbs apted to more water were distributed in the humid climate zones,the plants with strong adaptability were distributed in arid and semi arid areas.The index of species dominance and richness of the humid climate areas was relatively higher,but the diversity index and evenness were relatively low.Secondly,in plain terraces and hill areas,the species dominance λ of four community types had the order of natural secondary forest > the older rubber plantation > young rubber plantation > eucalyptus plantations.