豫北地区30个玉米新品种适应性筛选

随着审定制度的改变,大量玉米新品种涌现市场,为了选择适宜豫北区域生产的玉米新品种,指导当地玉米生产,本研究以‘郑单958’作为对照,对30个新审定的玉米品种在本区域大田条件下种植的适应性、抗逆性和宜机收性进行比较。结果表明：参试品种生育期为114~120天,在豫北地区能正常成熟,雌雄花期能够正常相遇,抗逆性较好;产量为8726.97~11973.68 kg/hm²,较对照增产明显的有‘豫单1851’、‘德合187’、‘玉农76’、‘中博510’、‘浚单1538’和‘漯玉16’,增产率分别为10.4%、8.9%、7.5%、7.3%、5.8%、4.5%,其中‘豫单1851’、‘德合187’、‘玉农76’、‘中博510’、‘浚单1538’五个品种收获时水分相对较低,分别为：21.5%、21.7%、19.1%、19.6%、18.2%。研究表明,30个参试品种中‘浚单1538’等5个品种在豫北区域具备机械化籽粒收获性状。

Adaptability of 30 New Maize Varieties in Northern Henan

With the change of the examination and approval system, a large number of new maize varieties have emerged in the market. In order to select new maize varieties suitable for regional production in northern Henan and guide local maize production, ‘Zhengdan 958’ was used as control to compare the adaptability, stress resistance and harvest of 30 newly approved maize varieties under field condition. The results showed that the growth period of the tested varieties was 114-120 days, and all the varieties could mature normally in northern Henan, and the male and female could meet normally in the flowering period; the yield of the tested varieties was 8726.97-11973.68 kg/hm², significantly increased compared with that of control. The yield of ‘Yudan 1851’, ‘Dehe 187’, ‘Yunong76’, ‘Zhongbo 510’, ‘Xundan 1538’, and ‘Luoyu 16’ increased by 10.4%, 8.9%, 7.5%, 7.3%, 5.8% and 4.5%, respectively, among them, the water content of ‘Yudan 1851’, ‘Dehe 187’, ‘Yunong76’, ‘Zhongbo 510’ and ‘Xundan 1538’ was relatively low at harvest time, 21.5%, 21.7%, 19.1%, 19.6% and 18.2%, respectively. The results indicate that five of the 30 varieties, such as ‘Xundan 1538’ and so on, have the characteristics of mechanized grain harvesting in northern Henan.