山西省县域棉花种植格局与施肥技术分析

通过剖析山西省县域棉花种植格局,探讨棉花生产施肥技术,旨在为山西棉花高产栽培研究提供一些借鉴和参考。以《中国统计年鉴》和《山西统计年鉴》数据库为依据,结合中国知网历年发表论文,分析山西县域棉花种植现状。研究表明：山西省耕地面积在2010年以后基本稳定,但棉花种植面积整体呈大幅下降趋势,到2017年仅有2.87×10³ hm²的种植面积,果园种植面积逐年增加取代棉花种植。山西省县域主产区在运城和临汾地区,且在运城各县市的单产较高,绝大部分县域高于1 t/hm²。基于知网2010—2019年山西棉花种植的408篇论文分析发现,棉花增产基础技术的施肥研究鲜有报道。因此,建议加强山西棉花科学施肥技术体系研究,建立棉花养分专家系统,指导棉花生产,促进棉花可持续健康发展。

County-level Cotton Planting Patterns and Fertilization Techniques in Shanxi

To explore the high yield cultivation of cotton in Shanxi Province, we analyzed the county-level planting patterns in Shanxi and discussed the fertilization techniques of cotton production. Based on China Statistical Yearbook, Shanxi Statistical Yearbook, and the publications on CNKI over the years, the current situation of county-level cotton planting in Shanxi was analyzed. The research showed that the cultivated area in Shanxi had been basically stable since 2010, but the cotton planting area has a significant decrease, the area was only 2870 hm ², in 2017. Cotton planting has been replaced gradually by the orchard year by year. The main cotton planting areas in Shanxi are distributed in Linfen and Yuncheng, the yield per unit in Yuncheng is relatively high, which is more than 1 t/hm² in most counties. Based on the publications of CNKI, we summarized 408 papers on cotton planting in Shanxi from 2010 to 2019, and found few reports on the fertilization research of cotton yield increase techniques. Thus, it is suggested to enhance cotton fertilization technique system and establish cotton nutrient expert system to promote a healthy and sustainable development of cotton industry.