高油高产、多抗、广适性大豆品种‘合农85’选育研究

为了选育高油高产、多抗、广适性的大豆品种,采用分子设计与杂交育种结合的方法育成了大豆新品种‘合农85’,2017、2018年分别由黑龙江省和国家审定推广。该品种百粒重22~25 g,油分含量22.60%,蛋白质含量38.40%;中抗SCSH和SMVⅠ号株系,抗Phytophthora sojae;在北方春大豆区属中早熟品种;省级品种试验,区域试验平均产量3020.8 kg/hm²,较对照‘合丰55（合交02-69）’增产12.6%,生产试验平均产量2864.6 kg/hm²,较对照‘合丰55（合交02-69）’增产12.0%;国家品种试验,区域试验平均产量3087.0 kg/hm²,较对照平均值A和‘合交02-69’平均增产9.3%,生产试验平均产量3187.5 kg/hm²,较对照‘合交02-69’增产8.1%。结果表明,该品种的选育不仅为油用大豆生产提供了新品种,同时也为高油大豆育种及资源利用探索了路径与方法。

Soybean Variety ‘Henong 85’ with High Oil and High Yield,Multiple Resistance and Wide Adaptability: Study on Breeding

The paper aims to select a soybean variety with high oil, high yield, multiple resistance and wide adaptability. A new soybean variety ‘Henong 85’ was bred by the combination of molecular design and cross breeding, and was approved and popularized by Heilongjiang and the National Crop Variety Examination and Approval Committee in 2017 and 2018, respectively. The 100-grain weight of ‘Henong 85’ was 22-25 g, the oil content was 22.60%, the protein content was 38.40%; medium anti-SCSH and SMVⅠ strains were resistant to Phytophthora sojae; it was suitable for planting in the middle and early maturing area of spring soybean in northern China. In the provincial variety experiment, the average yield of the regional test was 3020.8 kg/hm², 12.6% higher than that of the control variety ‘Hefeng 55 (Hejiao 02-69)’, and the average yield of the production test was 2864.6 kg/hm², 12.0% higher than that of the control ‘Hefeng 55 (Hejiao 02-69)’. In the national variety experiment, the average yield of the regional test was 3087.0 kg/hm², 9.3% higher than that of average A of the control and the control variety ‘Hejiao 02-69’, and the average yield of the production test was 3187.5 kg/hm², 8.1% higher than that of the control ‘Hejiao 02-69’. In conclusion, the breeding of ‘Henong 85’ not only provides a new oil variety for soybean production, but also explores new methods and paths for breeding and resource utilization of soybean variety with high oil.