密度和施肥量对玉米品种‘龙单63’农艺性状及产量的影响

摘要：通过研究玉米品种‘龙单63’的合理种植密度和最适施肥量，为玉米品种‘龙单63’持续稳定高产提供依据。采用二因素完全随机区组试验，以玉米品种‘龙单63’为材料，分析了不同种植密度和施肥水平，对‘龙单63’农艺性状及产量的影响。实验数据表明：在相同的栽培条件下，随着密度、施肥量的增加，‘龙单63’的农艺性状得到改变，随着密度的加大，株高、穗位、秃尖的长度是不断的增加的，而穗长、穗粗，都有所降低，穗行数和行粒数的变化没有什么规律，产量的变化有不同的差异，以施肥量磷酸二胺300 kg/hm2、尿素300 kg/hm2、氯化钾100 kg/hm2 时，公顷保苗在76920 株时，产量最高，达到12251.27 kg/hm2。因此，玉米品种‘龙单63’比较适合耐密植，种植密度应控制在76920 株/hm2左右为宜，施肥量应控制在B-C肥力水平之间。

Effect of Density and Fertilizer on characters and Yield of Maize Long dan 63

By research the optimal plant density and fertilizer amount on the maize varieties‘Longdan 63＇, itcould provide a basis for stable high-yield maize‘Longdan 63＇. The effects of different plant density andfertilizer level on the yield and agronomic characters were studied with the varieties‘Longdan 63＇as materialsby means of randomized complete block design of two factors. The experimental data showed that under thesame culture condition, the agronomic characters and yield of‘Longdan 63＇had been improved and increasedwith the increase of fertilizer amount and density, plant height, ear position and barren ear tip length wereincreased continuously, ear length and ear diameter were reduced, ear rows and row grains changed nothing,the change of production existed the different differences. Moreover, the highest yield was up to 12251.27 kg/hm2 on the condition of（NH4）H2PO4, CO（NH2）2 and KCL were 300 kg/hm2, 300 kg/hm2 and 100 kg/hm2 and HAseedlings of 76920 strains. Therefore, the maize varieties‘Longdan 63＇was more dense planting resistant,planting density should be controlled in 76920 plants/hm2 advisable, fertilizer amount should be controlledbetween B and C fertility levels.