瓢蜂菌组合生物控制麦蚜技术研究

为控制麦田蚜虫,保护生态环境,以增强麦蚜天敌资源数量和控制能力为目的,设计了农林复合生态系统关联模式、间插关联植物延续食物链模式、增殖寄生性天敌补充田间数量等一系列试验,监测了历年麦蚜和主要天敌种群动态。结果表明：天敌和标靶害虫麦蚜的发生高峰期具有跟随性,自然条件下利用天敌控制麦蚜能力弱。采取组合生物措施,实施＂保护瓢虫、释放蚜茧蜂,喷施虫霉菌＂,对招引瓢虫早春产卵、瓢蜂蚜发生同步、扩大天敌生态位宽度、天敌迁徙越冬等具有明显功效,可有效控制麦蚜,对保护农田生态环境具有重要意义。

Research on Biological Controlling Wheat Aphid Technology by Coccinellidae, Aphidiidae and Entomophthora

In order to control wheat aphid,protect ecological environment,increase the number of naturale nemies and enhance control capacity for wheat aphid,complex agricultural-forest ecosystem associationm odel,interval planting connected plants to continue the food chain model and breeding parasitoids for thec omplement of natural enemy quantity in field were designed to monitor the dynamics of wheat aphid andn atural enemies.It was found that natural enemies appeared,following with the peak of target pest and wheata phid,but little control effects for wheat aphids were recorded by natural enemies under normal conditions.T hese models had significant effects on attracting ladybird spawning in early spring,ladybird,aphid parasitoidsa nd aphid appeared synchronously,extending niche breadth of natural enemy and the migrating ando verwintering of natural enemy.Biological technology of protecting lady beetles,releasing aphid parasitoidsa nd spraying entomomycetes,could control the harmness of wheat aphid,and had important functions forp rotecting ecological environment.