东北优异大豆育种价值评价

为了解决目前大豆品种的遗传基础日趋狭窄的问题，利用572份大豆品种资源为试验材料，进行种植和重要农艺性状调查，挖掘出影响产量和品质的主要农艺性状，最后对大豆品种资源的育种价值进行评价。株高变异幅度为40.2-137.2 cm；平均值为88.54 cm。分枝数变异幅度为0-9个；平均值为3.61个。单株荚数变异幅度为11.2-220个；平均值为76.64个。单株粒重变异幅度为1.03-86.1 g；平均值为29.01 g。百粒重变异幅度为4.87-30.31 g；平均值为18.87 g。倒伏性变异幅度为0-3级；平均值为0.51级。蛋白质含量变异幅度为13.28%-23.47%；平均值为20.56%。油分含量变异幅度为34.41%-49.94%；平均值为40.71%。根据对照品种表现，对572份大豆品种资源的育种价值进行评价。产量性状较突出的种质：‘黑农19’、‘龙黑大豆2号’和‘龙品黑09-518’；百粒重较大的种质：‘九农14号’、‘长农15号’、‘岭引2号’和‘嫩良6号’；油分含量较高的种质：‘垦农18’、‘长农17’、‘垦丰6号’、‘九丰10号’和‘垦鉴豆15’；蛋白质含量较高的种质‘：永吉紫花猪眼豆’‘、白秣食豆’‘、小粒秣食豆’‘、绿瓤黑豆’、‘宾县黑豆’和‘吉林27号’。

Breeding value evaluation of soybean varieties in Northeastern china

To solve the issue that the genetic basis is increasingly narrow of soybean varieties, used of 572 soybean varieties resources as test materials, to make a survey of planting and important agronomic traits and to dig out the main agronomic traits affecting the yield and quality. Finally, the soybean varieties breeding value of resources was been evaluated. The height variation range was 40.2-137.2 cm; average of 88.54 cm. The number of branches variation ranged from 0 to 9;the average of 3.61. The number of pods per plant variation ranged from 11.2 to 220;average of 76.64. Grain weight per plant variation ranged from 1.03 to 86.1 g;With a mean of 29.01 g. Hundred grain weight variation range of 4.87-30.31 g; With a mean of 18.87 g. Lodging resistance variation ranged from 0 to 3 level; average of 0.51. Protein content variation range of 13.28%-23.47%;Average of 20.56%. Oil content variation range of 34.41%-34.41%;Average of 40.71%. According to the contrast variety showed that 572 soybean varieties breeding value of resources was evaluated. The more prominent germplasm of yield were‘Heinong 19’;‘Heilong 2’and‘Longpinhei 09-518’. The kernel weight of the larger species were‘Jiunong 14’;‘Changnong15’,‘Lingyin 2’, and‘Nenliange 6’;higher oil content of germplasm：‘Kennong 18’,‘long farming 17’,‘Kenfeng 6’,‘Jovo 10’and‘Kenjiandou 15’;higher protein 〈br〉 content germplasm：‘Kut purple pig-eyed peas’,‘white Mo fresh beans’,‘arabica beans fresh fodder’,‘green flesh black beans’,‘black beans’and‘Jilin 27’.