炭基肥与化肥配施对生菜产量与品质的影响

为明确生菜科学施肥技术、实现生菜高产优质生产,以常规施肥为对照,通过盆栽试验研究不同量炭基肥与化肥配施对生菜产量、生理特性、硝酸还原酶(NR)、维生素C(Vc)及硝酸盐含量的影响。结果表明,常规化肥与高量炭基肥配施生菜产量最高,达到305.74 g/盆,较对照显著提高了24.42%;生菜SPAD、净光合速率(Pn)、NR较对照分别提高8.48%、64.53%、29.59%;生菜Vc为132.00 mg/kg,较对照提高15.79%;生菜硝酸盐含量较对照显著降低10.88%。化肥减施生菜硝酸盐含量显著降低15.38%~22.38%,化肥减施与炭基肥配施能显著降低生菜叶片硝酸盐含量。化肥与高量炭基肥配施对生菜具有显著增产、促进光合能力、改善品质的效果,炭基肥部分替代化肥能够改善品质、保证产量。

Effect of Combined Application of Biochar-based Fertilizer and Chemical Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Lettuce

To conduct scientific fertilization and realize high yield and high quality production of lettuce, we took routine fertilization as a control group, and carried out pot experiment to study the effects of different amounts of biochar-based fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer on the yield, physiological characteristics, nitrate reductase (NR), vitamin C (Vc) and nitrate content. The results showed that the yield of lettuce under the application of chemical fertilizer was the highest, which reached 305.74 g/pot, increased by 24.42% compared with that of the control group. Compared with those of the control group, the SPAD, net photosynthetic rate and nitrate reductase increased by 8.48%, 64.53% and 29.59%, respectively. The Vc of lettuce was 132.00 mg/kg, which was 15.79% higher than that of the control. The nitrate content of lettuce decreased by 10.88% with the combination of chemical fertilizer and high-amount biochar-based fertilizer. The reduction of fertilizer reduced the nitrate content of lettuce by 15.38%-22.38%, and the nitrate content of lettuce could be significantly reduced under the combination application of fertilizer reduction and biochar-based fertilizer. The combined application of chemical fertilizer and high biochar-based fertilizer could significantly increase the yield of lettuce, promote the photosynthetic capacity and improve the quality of lettuce.