树上干杏指纹图谱构建与亲缘关系研究初探

为进一步探究树上干杏亲缘关系,本研究利用SSR分子标记引物技术,通过PCR扩增及非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,对树上干杏等9个杏品种（类型）的18对SSR多态性引物进行鉴定,获得DNA指纹图谱,从DNA水平鉴定伊犁树上干杏品种与其他杏品种（类型）之间的亲缘关系远近。对各杏品种（类型）间亲缘关系进行聚类分析,结果表明:杏1（树上干杏1号）和杏2（树上干杏2号）2个品种差异较大,杏4（树上干杏4号）与杏1（树上干杏1号）为同一类。与杏1（树上干杏1号）亲缘关系由近及远依次为巩留野杏、珍珠油杏、第四师61团古杏,其遗传相似性系数范围为0.673~0.808。杏3（树上干杏3号）与杏2（树上干杏2号）为同一类,与李光杏亲缘关系较近,其遗传相似性系数范围为0.654~0.846。霍城野杏与树上干杏亲缘关系较远。

The Fingerprint Structure and Genetic Relationship of Shushanggan Apricot: A Preliminary Study

To explore the genetic relationship of Shushanggan apricot, SSR molecular marker technology was used by PCR amplification and a modified polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, 18 pairs of SSR polymorphism primers were identified in nine varieties (types) of Shushanggan apricot and other apricots, to get the DNA fingerprint. The genetic relationship between Shushanggan apricot and other apricot varieties (types) were identified from different DNA levels. The genetic relationship of apricot varieties (types) were analyzed by clustering. The results showed that Shushanggan apricot had two different varieties, namely Shushanggan apricot No.1 and Shushanggan apricot No.2. Shushanggan apricot No.4 and Shushanggan apricot No.1 were the same type. The close genetic relationship to Shushanggan apricot No.1 was Gongliu wild apricot> pearl oil apricot> Disishi 61 Tuan ancient apricot, the genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0.673 to 0.808. Shushanggan apricot No.3 and Shushanggan apricot No.2 were the same type, and they were closely related to Liguang apricot, the genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0.654 to 0.846. Huocheng wild apricot was far related to Shushanggan apricot.