尿素中控失剂添加量对夏玉米氮素利用和产量的影响

为探究尿素中控失添加剂的适宜用量,以无氮处理(CK)、普通尿素(CU)处理为对照,研究不同控失剂添加量尿素（I~VI型,控失剂含量1%~6%）对夏玉米生长和肥效的影响。结果表明,氮肥对夏玉米产量和生物量影响显著,相同氮肥用量下,控失剂用量对夏玉米生物量有显著促进作用,尿素中4%的控失剂用量对夏玉米产量和生物量的促进作用最大,2016和2017年夏玉米平均产量Ⅳ型控失尿素较CU增加7.80%,夏玉米平均生物量Ⅳ型控失尿素较CU增加10.30%;尿素中控失剂含量为5%时夏玉米地上部吸氮量最多;Ⅳ型控失尿素的玉米氮肥利用率、氮素农学效率、氮肥偏生产力最高。尿素中控失剂添加量为4%玉米生物量和氮肥当季利用率最高,拟合控失尿素和夏玉米产量得出控失剂在尿素中的最佳添加量为4.81%。

Loss-control Additive Amount in Urea: Effects on Nitrogen Utilization and Yield of Summer Maize

The paper aims to study the appropriate amount of loss-control additives in urea. Taking nitrogen-free treatment (CK) and common urea treatment (CU) as control, we studied the effects of urea with 1%-6% loss-control additive (typeⅠ-Ⅵ) on the yield and nitrogen use efficiency of summer maize. The results showed that: nitrogen fertilizer could significantly affect the yield and biomass of summer maize; with the same amount nitrogen, the concentration of loss-control additives significantly promoted the biomass of summer maize, the yield and biomass of summer maize were greatly improved by 4% loss-control additive; the average yield of summer maize under 4% loss-control additive (type Ⅳ) in 2016 and 2017 was increased by 7.80% compared with that of CU, while the average biomass was increased by 10.30%; the highest nitrogen uptake was observed at urea with 5% loss-control additive; the highest nitrogen use efficiency, nitrogen agronomic efficiency, nitrogen partial productivity were observed at 4% loss-control additive (type Ⅳ). In conclusion, urea with 4% loss-control additive could achieve the highest yield and nitrogen use efficiency of summer maize, the optimal addition concentration of loss-control additive in urea is 4.81% by fitting the loss-controlled urea and the yield of summer maize.