种植方式对文冠果幼苗生长及土壤理化性质的影响

探讨不同种植方式对文冠果生长发育及土壤理化性质的影响,为科学栽培文冠果提供理论依据。以平作为对照,研究垄作种植对文冠果幼苗生长状况、土壤容重、土壤含水量、pH和土壤养分含量的影响。结果表明：（1）与平作相比,垄作显著降低0~20、20~40 cm土层土壤容重和含水量,显著增加土壤总孔隙度和通气孔隙度。（2）垄作增加2个土层土壤养分含量,且20~40 cm土层增幅明显,其中土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量较平作分别提高了117.05%、53.06%、28.31%和23.40%。（3）垄作种植显著增加根长,促进分枝和侧枝生长,提高叶面积,其地上生物量、根干重和冠根比显著高于平作121.20%、46.15%和51.19%。可见,垄作能改善土壤结构,增强土壤供肥能力,更利于文冠果幼苗生长,是较好的种植方式。

Planting Patterns: Effects on Soil Quality and Growth Characteristics of Xanthoceras sorbifolia

The paper aims to study the effects of planting patterns on the growth of Xanthoceras sorbifolia and soil physical and chemical properties, and provide a basis for scientific planting of X. sorbifolia. A field experiment was conducted with two treatments of bed-planting practice (BP) and flatting planting practice (FP). The morphological characters and biomass of the seedlings, soil bulk density (BD), soil water content (SWC), soil pH, contents of soil organic matter (SOM), available nutrients were measured. The results showed that: (1) BD and SWC in 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layer were significantly lower under BP than those under FP, and BP significantly increased soil total porosity and aeration porosity; (2) BP increased the contents of SOM and available nutrients, especially in 20-40 cm layer, compared with those of FP, the contents of SOM, available N, available P and available K within the 20-40 cm soil layer under BP significantly increased by 117.05%, 53.06%, 28.31% and 23.40%, respectively; (3) BP significantly increased root length, branch number, green leaves area; the aboveground biomass and root dry biomass and the shoot/root ratio was 121.20%、46.15% and 51.19% higher those of FP, respectively. Based on the study, bed-planting practice can improve soil structure and fertility and is more suitable for cultivating X. sorbifolia.