国审青贮玉米品种综合性状评价及发展趋势

青贮玉米新品种选育是中国玉米育种最主要的方向之一，自从2002年启动青贮玉米品种国审程序以来，到2017年共有28个青贮玉米新品种通过国审。综合中国青贮玉米育种研究在种植密度、生物产量及品质等方面的发展趋势，随着种植密度的增加，生物产量逐步上升，品质越来越好。但仍然存在中性洗涤纤维含量偏高的现象。青贮玉米育种目标为种植密度在75000~105000株/hm2之间，以保证较多的绿叶面积提高品质及生物产量，籽粒产量达到普通玉米对照标准或平产以保证足够的淀粉含量（大于25%），对叶部病害和穗部病害、茎腐病达到高抗或免疫，抗倒伏倒折，中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维达到国家一级优质标准的情况下，含量越低越好，蛋白质含量大于7%的条件下，含量越高越好。

Comprehensive Evaluation and Development Trend of Silage Maize Varieties Approved by the State

Breeding of new silage corn varieties is one of the main directions of maize breeding in China. Since the start of national examination and approval procedure of silage maize varieties in 2002, a total of 28 new silage maize varieties had approved the national validation by 2017. In the development trend of chinese silage corn breeding research in planting density, biological yield and quality, the biological output is gradually improved and the quality is enhanced with the increase of planting density. However, there is still a high level of neutral detergent fiber content. The target of silage corn breeding is that planting density needs to be controlled within 75000-105000 plants/hm2 in order to ensure more green leaf area which can improve quality and biological yield. Meanwhile, grain yield can exceed or meet the contrast standard of normal corn to ensure adequate starch content(more than 25%). The variety has high resistance or immunity to leaf disease, ear disease and stem rot, and is also resistant to lodging. Furthermore, in case that the neutral detergent fiber and the acid detergent fiber meet the first-class national quality standard, the lower the content, the better the variety. In addition, when the protein content is more than 7%, the higher the content, the better the variety.