潜江市小龙虾养殖气候生态特征及气候风险

利用潜江市水产局水产资料和潜江市气象站近30年气候资料，分析了潜江市地理地貌特征和气候生态特征对小龙养殖的影响，探讨了潜江市小龙虾养殖存在的气候风险。结果表明：潜江市湖泊遍布，天然饵料极为丰富，对发展小龙虾养殖业有着得天独厚的优势。潜江市雨水充沛，气候温润，光能充足，潜江市地理条件、气象条件为小龙虾养殖提供了优异的气候生态环境。潜江市极端天气少，但灾害性天气对小龙虾养殖造成的危害大，小龙虾养殖存在一定的气候风险。本文指出暴雨、高温热害、强降温（低温冷害）等灾害性天气会对小龙虾养殖可能造成的危害，提出了相应的防御措施，为小龙虾养殖趋利避害，科学养殖提供了参考依据。

Climatic Ecological Characteristics and Climate Risk of Crayfish Breeding in Qianjiang

Based on the aquatic products data of Fisheries Bureau of Qianjiang City and the climate data of Qianjiang meteorological station from 1988 to 2017, the influence of geographical and geomorphological characteristics and climatic ecological characteristics on crayfish breeding was analyzed, and the climate risks were discussed. The results showed that Qianjiang was full of lakes and rich in natural bait, which was advantageous to the development of crayfish breeding industry. Qianjiang had abundant rain, warm climate and sufficient light energy, the geographical and meteorological conditions of Qianjiang provided excellent climate and ecological environment for crayfish breeding. There was little extreme weather in Qianjiang city, but the disastrous weather was very harmful to crayfish breeding, there was certain climate risk. The authors pointed out that the possible damages to crayfish breeding could be caused by heavy rain, high temperature heat damage, strong cooling (low temperature cold damage) and other disastrous weather, and put forward corresponding measures for scientific breeding of crayfish.