秋闲田秣食豆高产配套栽培技术优化方案研究

为了缓解牧业冬春季节饲草不足的问题,有效利用8—10月的水、热、光和土地资源,复种青刈秣食豆,明确秋闲田秣食豆的高产栽培技术,促进良种良法配套技术推广应用。采用正交试验与软件PASW Statistics 18的LSD法,以秣食豆产草量为主要考核指标,对秋闲田秣食豆播种行距、种植密度与氮、磷、钾等影响因素进行比较试验。结果表明,密度、行距与钾肥对秋闲田秣食豆产草量具有重要影响。明确了秋闲田秣食豆高产配套栽培技术的优化方案:每公顷留苗密度75万株,并以氮肥(N)300 kg/hm2、磷肥(P2O5)112.5 kg/hm2、钾肥(K2O)375 kg/hm2做基肥,播种方式以50 cm的行距进行条播。该方案的鲜草产量、干草产量分别为6661.67、2723.64 kg/hm2,较产草量位居第2的优良组合的鲜重、干重分别增产24.17%、27.63%。为秋闲田栽培秣食豆的生产实践提了供理论依据和技术支撑。

Study on Optimum Proposal of Fodder Soybean High-yield Matching Cultivation Technique in Autumn Idle Land

The study aims to relieve the forage shortage problem of livestock in winter and spring, effectively utilize the water, heat, light and land resources from August to October by multiple cropping forage fodder soybean, clarify the high-yield cultivation technique in autumn idle land and promote technology application of matching technology. Using orthogonal experiment method and PASW 18 statistics software, taking grass yield as the key measuring parameters, the authors compared the influencing factors of rowledge, density, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and so on in autumn idle land. The results showed that density, rowledge and K had significant influence on the grass yield in autumn idle land. The optimum proposal of fodder soybean high-yield matching cultivation technique in autumn idle land was clarified as follows: leaving seedlings density was 750000 plants per hm2, and nitrogen (N) was 300 kg/hm2, phosphate (P2O5) was 112.5 kg/hm2, potash (K2O) was 375 kg/hm2 as basic fertilizer, 50 cm rowledge by sowing in line. In the proposal, fresh grass yield was 6661.67 kg/hm2, hay grass yield was 2723.64 kg/hm2, increase 24.17% and 27.63% than that of the second optimum proposal. The study could provide the theoretical basis and technical support for the production of fodder soybean in autumn idle land.