中国农村气象服务的现状、需求及其发展策略

中国农业生产的丰歉很大程度上取决于天气气候条件，频发的气象灾害每年给农村社会经济的发展造成巨大的损失，严重影响了农村的可持续发展。有针对性的农业气象服务，是增强农业农村防灾减灾能力和降低农业气象灾害风险的最佳途径。为此，对国内农村对气象信息应用的现状、需求进行调查，结果表明：（1）农村用户希望能够及时获取天气预报等气象信息，希望进一步提高天气预报的准确率；（2）农村用户希望提供更加专业的针对关键农事季节和农业生产的天气信息；（3）农村用户希望有更多的手段和途径传播气象信息，解决偏远农村的气象信息传输问题，提高农村气象防灾减灾能力；（4）农村用户渴望获得农村气象科技和防灾减灾知识。笔者还提出了提高农村气象服务能力的管理机制，强化防灾减灾体系建设，建农村气象灾害防御系统工程，提升农村气象服务的技术水平，扩大农村用户群的发展策略。

Current situation, Demands and Development strategy of Meteorological Service for Chinese Countryside

Meteorological conditions are the main environmental factors to affect agricultural harvest in China. The frequent meteorological disasters cause huge losses to Chinese agriculture and severely affect the sustainable development of Chinese countryside every year. Through targeted agricultural meteorological services, enhance agricultural and rural disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities and the best way to reduce the risk of agro-meteorological disasters. This paper studied the current situation and demands of meteorological service for Chinese countryside. The result showed: (1)Farmers hoped to get weather forecast promptly and hoped the forecast accuracy to be further improved. (2)Farmers hoped to get more targeted and meticulous agricultural weather information. (3)Farmers hoped the weather information to be transmitted quickly and with more methods. (4)Farmers hoped to get the knowledge about meteorology and disaster prevention & mitigation. This paper also studied the development strategy of meteorological service for Chinese countryside. The paper management mechanism to improve meteorological services in rural areas, strengthen disaster prevention and mitigation system, construction of rural meteorological disaster prevention systems engineering, enhance the technical level of meteorological services in rural areas, and expand rural development strategy of the user base.