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秋覆膜对旱地玉米土壤水分和产量的影响
引用本文:刘晓伟,何宝林,郭天文,康恩祥.秋覆膜对旱地玉米土壤水分和产量的影响[J].农学学报,2011(10).
作者姓名:刘晓伟  何宝林  郭天文  康恩祥
作者单位:农业部西北作物抗旱栽培与耕作重点开放实验室;甘肃省旱作区水资源高效利用重点实验室;甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所;
基金项目:甘肃省农业科学院农业科技创新专项“黄土丘陵半干旱区梯田高效种植技术研究与示范”(2009GAAS24)
摘    要:针对甘肃省旱作农业区年降水量少、季节分布不均匀、玉米生产中春旱严重的问题,采用田间试验的方法,研究了4种不同覆膜时期对旱地玉米生育期、土壤水分变化、水分利用效率、产量及经济效益的影响。结果表明,全膜双垄沟秋季覆膜优于顶凌覆膜、春覆膜和播前覆膜,即早覆膜优于晚覆膜。全膜双垄沟秋覆膜增加了降水利用率和水分利用效率,降水利用率为70.21%,产量为10039.34kg/hm2,比播前覆膜增产24.81%,水分利用效率30.19kg/(hm2·mm),比播前覆膜提高15.26%。全膜双垄沟秋覆膜可明显减少冬春季土壤水分的无效蒸发,增加土壤水分含量,使玉米的经济性状明显改善,增产增收,是旱作区进一步挖掘降水潜力和高产田创建的有效途径。

关 键 词:覆膜时期  土壤含水量  玉米  水分利用效率  产量  

Effects of Full Mulching on Double Ridges in Autumn on Soil Water Content and Yield of Dryland Maize
Liu Xiaowei ,,He Baolin ,Guo Tianwen ,Kang Enxiang.Effects of Full Mulching on Double Ridges in Autumn on Soil Water Content and Yield of Dryland Maize[J].Journal of Agriculture,2011(10).
Authors:Liu Xiaowei      He Baolin  Guo Tianwen  Kang Enxiang
Institution:Liu Xiaowei 1,2,3,He Baolin 1,Guo Tianwen 1,Kang Enxiang 1,3 ( 1 Key Laboratory of Northwest Drought-resistant Crop Farming,Ministry of Agriculture,People's Republic of China,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China,2 Key Laboratory of Efficient Water Utilization in Dryland Farming,3 Institute of Dryland Agriculture,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China)
Abstract:Aiming at the water requirement of maize growth at the situation of limited and unevenly distributed rainfall and the problem of serious spring drought in Gansu dry farming area, a field trial with a maize variety Funong No.1 was conducted during 2008-2010 in Lanzhou, Gansu, China, to investigate the effects of four different plastic film mulching time on growth duration, soil moisture variation, water use efficiency, yield and economic benefit of dry land maize. It is found that the full mulching on double...
Keywords:Different Plastic Film Mulching Time  Soil Moisture Content  Maize  Water Use Efficiency  Grain Yield  
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