杂交稻‘Ⅱ优1259’的生物学特性与产量结构分析

为明确杂交稻‘Ⅱ优1259’的生物学特性和产量结构,根据其参加长江中下游中稻区域试验的结果,分析其生物学特性,进行相关分析和通径分析。结果表明,‘Ⅱ优1259’高产、适应性广,在福建省感稻瘟病,在长江中下游高感稻瘟病,在海南省抗苗瘟,轻感穗颈瘟。产量结构分析表明,每穗粒数对产量的贡献率为57.1%,每公顷穗数为19.7%,结实率为13.5%,千粒重为7.4%。每公顷穗数和每穗粒数对每公顷总粒数的贡献率分别为26.3%和71.8%。每公顷总粒数对库容量的贡献率为95.2%,千粒重的贡献率为4.2%。库容量对稻谷产量的贡献率86.3%,结实率的贡献率为13.1%。‘Ⅱ优1259’高产的关键是稳定穗数培育大穗,增加单位面积的总粒数,扩大库容量。

Ecological Characteristics and Yield Structures of Hybrid Rice'Ⅱyou 1259'

The objective of the study is to explore the biological characteristics and yield structure of'Ⅱyou 1259'. According to the results of middle rice region test in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River, the biological characteristics were analyzed, and the correlation and path analysis were conducted. The results showed that'Ⅱyou 1259'had high yield, wide adaptability, and was susceptible to rice blast in Fujian Province, high susceptible to rice blast in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River, and resistant to rice seedling blast and little susceptible to neck blast in Hainan Province. The analysis of yield structure indicated that the contribution of grain number per spike to yield amounted to 57.1%, while that of spike number per hectare, seed-setting rate and 1000-grain weight to yield amounted to 19.7%, 13.5%and 7.4%, respectively. The contribution of spike number per hectare and grain number per spike to the total grain number per hectare was 26.3%and 71.8%, respectively. The contribution of the total grain number per hectare to sink capacity was 95.2%and that of 1000-grain weight to sink capacity was 4.2%. The contribution of sink capacity to rice yield was 86.3% while that of seed-setting rate to rice yield was 13.1%. The keys to high yield of'Ⅱyou 1259' were to stabilize the spike number and cultivate large spikes, increase the total grain numbers per unit area, and enlarge sink capacity.