乙炔催花对凤梨‘丹尼斯’花芽分化及内源激素含量的影响

为了探讨凤梨开花的生理机制以及为凤梨花期调控提供理论依据,以凤梨‘丹尼斯’为试材,研究乙炔催花对其花芽分化及内源激素含量的影响。结果表明：乙炔催花7天后诱导‘丹尼斯’进入花芽分化状态,其花芽分化进程可分为花芽未分化期、花序原基分化期、花原基分化期、花萼花瓣分化期、雌雄蕊分化期。在整个花芽分化过程中,植株生长点及叶片中生长素（IAA）、脱落酸（ABA）含量未见明显改变,而玉米素核苷（ZRs）在花序原基分化期和花原基分化期呈现出2次显著增加,赤霉素（GAs）含量在花序原基分化期和器官分化早期显著下降,从而引起ABA/GAs、ZRs/GAs、ZRs/IAA比值在花序原基分化期、花原基分化期和器官分化早期显著增加。因此,高水平的ZRs含量、ABA/GAs、ZRs/GAs、ZRs/IAA比值以及低水平的GAs含量有利于凤梨‘丹尼斯’花芽分化的完成。

Effects of Exogenous Acetylene on Floral Bud Differentiation and Endogenous Hormone Content of ‘Guzmania Danis’

In order to study the flowering mechanism in Bromeliaceae, and to provide a theoretical basis for flowering regulation, the effects of exogenous acetylene on floral bud differentiation and endogenous hormone contents of Guzmania ‘Denise’ were investigated. The results showed that: Guzmania ‘Denise’ was introduced into floral bud differentiation stage by exogenous acetylene application 7 days. The process of bud differentiation included no differentiation stage, inflorescence primordium differentation stage, single flower primordium differentiation stage, sepal and petal differentiation stage and stamen and pistil differentiation stage. During the process of bud differentiation, the contents of auxins (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) in the growing point and leaves kept mostly unchangeable. However, the contents of zeatin nucleotides (ZRs) increased significantly in inflorescence primordium differentation stage and single flower primordium differentiation stage. The contents of gibberellins (GAs) decreased significantly in inflorescence primordium differentiation stage and organ early differentiation stage, resulting in high level of ABA/GAs, ZRs/GAs, ZRs/IAA ratio in inflorescence primordium differentation stage, single flower primordium differentiation stage and organ early differentiation stage. The results suggest that ZRs content and ABA/GAs, ZRs/GAs, ZRs/IAA ratio at a higher level and GAs at a lower level is beneficial to the finish of floral bud differentiation of Guzmania ‘Denise’.