不同砷形态在水产品中的毒理及转化研究进展

为了研究不同砷形态化合物在水产品体内的毒力大小、毒理效应和转化机制，本文综述了国内外近二十年几种常见砷化合物在水产品中蓄积规律的研究，发现在所有砷化合物中，无机砷的毒性往往大于有机砷，但也有研究发现三价态的有机砷MMA毒性比无机砷高数几倍；在对水产品体内不同砷化合物含量测定的研究中可以得出有机砷是主要的存在形式。但研究也还存在不足，对水产品的砷含量研究多集中于沿海地区的海产品类，今后还需要加大对淡水性水产品类砷含量以及蓄积规律的研究力度。本文主要阐述了砷的几种常见形态As3+、As5+、DMA、MMA、AsB、AsC、TMAO、TETRA(TMAs+)、砷糖和砷脂间的毒力大小比较及其毒性产生机理、环境中砷元素的来源和砷形态在水产品内的迁移、转化、代谢机理，旨在不同价态砷化合物在水产品中的研究提供参考价值。

Arsenic Forms in Aquatic Products: Progress Research on Toxicology and Transformation

The paper aims to research the toxicity,toxicology effect and transformation mechanism of different arsenic compounds in aquatic products by studying the recent 20’s domestic and foreign literature about arsenic compounds accumulation in aquatics. It is found that inorganic arsenic is more toxic than organic arsenic in all arsenic compounds,but some researches have found that the toxicity of MMA(Ⅲ),a kind of organic arsenic compound,is several times higher than that of inorganic arsenic. In the determination of arsenic compounds in aquatic products, it concluded that organic arsenic is the main arsenic specie . However, there are still some deficiencies in these researches, such as most of the studies about arsenic determination are focus on seafood,so in the future, it should be devoted on the arsenic determination and accumulation regularity in freshwater aquatic products.It introduced in this paper that: 1.The common species of arsenic as inorganic arsenate(AsⅤ), arsenite(AsⅢ), dimethyl arsenic acid(DMA), momomethyl acid(MMA), arsenobetaine(AsB), arsenocholine(AsC), Trimethylarsine oxide(TMAO), Tetramethylarsonium ion(TETRA), arsenosugars and arsenolipids. 2.The sources of arsenic. 3.The toxicity, toxicology mechanisms,transformation and metabolic mechanisms among arsenic species, aiming to provide theoretical basis for the research on arsenic residues in aquatic products.