土壤重金属污染及其植物修复研究进展

随着城市化、工业化发展的脚步加快，土壤重金属污染成为国内外普遍关注的环境问题，并且已经严重威胁到地球生态系统的稳定和人类生命的安全，因此，对土壤重金属治理刻不容缓。本研究在介绍土壤重金属污染的现状的基础上，综述了土壤重金属对植物各方面的影响，概述了土壤重金属的植物修复机理以及土壤重金属的植物修复研究进展，提出了今后的研究方向：未来应挑选出超富集植物，为土壤重金属污染植物修复机理的研究工作奠定基础；重点研究微生物对植物修复的研究效果；加强对木本植物的研究，特别是耐性强的乡土植物修复土壤重金属的能力研究；对超富集植物凋落后的安全回收、合理利用进行研究。

Research Advances in Soil Heavy Metal Pollution and Its Phytoremediation

With the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization, soil heavy metal pollution has been an environmental problem with common concern at home and abroad, and has seriously threatened the stability of the earth’s ecosystem and the safety of human life. Therefore, it is urgent to solve such a problem. Based on the introduction of the current situation of soil heavy metal pollution, the paper summarized the effects of soil heavy metals on plants, introduced the phytoremediation mechanism of soil heavy metals and the advances in the research of soil heavy metal phytoremediation. The paper put forward the research orientation in the future: hyperaccumulators should be selected to lay a foundation for the research on the phytoremediation mechanism of soil heavy metal pollution; the effects of microorganisms on phytoremediation should be the research focus; the research on woody plants should be strengthened, especially the research on the ability of indigenous plants with strong tolerance to soil heavy metal pollution; and the research on the safe recovery and rational utilization of hyperaccumulators after their withering should be conducted.