缩节胺和整枝打顶对棉花产量及品质的影响

为了研究棉花留叶枝与不打顶在长江流域棉区的可行性及整枝打顶与缩节胺的互作效应，试验于2011－2012年在湖北省鄂州市路口农场进行，在大田环境条件下研究了缩节胺(DPC)和打顶与整枝对‘华杂棉H318’产量、产量构成因素和纤维品质的影响。结果表明，留叶枝与不打顶处理棉花单铃重较小，单位面积铃数较多，且2012年皮棉产量和单位面积铃数差异达到显著水平，分别提高14.3%和13.3%，不整枝不打顶对产量无负效应，并具有增产作用，衣分不受整枝影响。喷施缩节胺能够提高单铃重，单位面积铃数略少，但对皮棉产量影响不显著，可能会降低衣分。上半部平均长度不受整枝打顶和缩节胺影响，整枝打顶和缩节胺分别对整齐度指数和马克隆值有显著影响，整枝打顶不影响其他品质指标，不整枝不打顶降低了整齐度指数，喷施DPC的上半部平均长度和断裂比强度略高。因此，在鄂州路口农场试验条件下，棉花留叶枝与不打顶具有增产潜力，缩节胺可根据棉花长势合理喷施。

Effects of DPC and Plant Pruning with Topping on Cotton Yield and Fiber Quality

In order to study the feasibility of retaining nutrition branch with non-topping in Yangtze River region and the interaction effect of pruning with topping and DPC, the field experiments were conducted in 2011 and 2012 to study the effects of DPC and pruning with topping on cotton yield, yield components and fiber quality at the Lukou farmland in Ezhou, Hubei Province. The experimental material was hybrid cotton H318 variety. The results showed that retaining nutrition branch and non-topping could add the total boll number per square meter, but decreased the boll weight, the lint yield and boll number per square meter had significant differences in 2012, and increased 14.3% and 13.3%, respectively. Non-pruning and non-topping was no effect on yield, sometimes it could increase cotton yield, and the lint percentage was not affected by pruning and topping. Spraying DPC increased boll weight, but decreased boll number, and it had not a significant effect on lint yield, sometimes it decreased lint percentage. Pruning and topping and spraying DPC didn’t affect fiber length, they had a significant effect on uniformity index and micron value, respectively. Cotton had a bigger uniformity index if it was pruned and topped, and it had a better fiber length and specific breaking strength after spraying DPC. So, a conclusion can be got that retaining nutrition branch and non-topping had a potential to improve yield, and spraying DPC should be applied according to the cotton growing status.