不同采摘期新疆精河枸杞鲜果果实品质和安全性研究

目的]筛选出新疆精河枸杞感官性状最好和营养价值最高的采收季节。方法]通过对比不同采摘时期生态枸杞和非生态枸杞鲜果果实色差、果实直径、百粒重和粒度等果实外观性状;果实可溶性固形物、还原糖、水分、总酸、维生素C、蛋白质、脂肪和灰分等营养成分含量;果实重金属和农药残留量等卫生指标含量,比较不同采摘期枸杞果实品质、安全性的差异,以及同一采摘期内生态枸杞和非生态枸杞鲜果之间果实质量的区别。结果]对于采收期而言,7月份和10月份是枸杞营养物质含量较高的时期,7月夏果枸杞更易鲜食,10月秋果枸杞适宜制干。生态枸杞鲜果虽然个头较小,但在可溶性固形物含量、水解后还原糖含量、蛋白质、脂肪和灰分等营养品质方面都优于非生态枸杞,说明生态健康果品具有优良的品质资源优势和广阔的市场前景。结论]研究确定了枸杞最佳的采收时期,为合理安排果实采收,实现经济效益提供理论依据。

Study on Quality and Safety of Xinjiang Jinghe Wolfberry Fruit in Different Picking Times

Objective] To select the harvesting season for Xinjiang Jinghe wolfberry fruits with the best sensory traits and the highest nutritional value.Method] Through comparing appearance traits （fruit color,diameter,100-grain weight,grain size） of ecological and non-ecological wolfberry fresh fruit in different picking periods,nutritional quality content（fruit soluble solids,reducing sugar,moisture,total acid,Vc,protein,fat and ash）,health index content（fruit heavy metal and pesticide residues）,the wolfberry fruit quality,safety differences in different picking periods were studied.Result] The nutritional components content in wolfberry picked in Jul.and Oct.are higher.Although the fresh fruits of ecological wolfberry are small in size,the soluble solid content,reducing sugar content,protein,fat and ash are superior to nonecological wolfberry,indicating that ecological health fruits have quality superiority and abroad market prospect.Conclusion] The study obtained the best harvesting period of wolfberry,which will provide theoretical basis for appropriate arrangement of fruit harvesting and realize economy benefit.