秋水仙碱诱导山杨异源多倍体

目的]利用综合倍性育种和杂交优势的多倍体育种培育山杨优良新品种。方法]以中国山杨及其杂交品种中关山杨为母本，山杨和新疆杨为父本，进行树上杂交与切枝水培杂交，对授粉后的雌花序施加秋水仙碱进行多倍体诱导，利用流式细胞术检测植株倍性。结果]切枝水培杂交，授粉48h后，以浓度0．3％秋水仙碱持续处理24h，诱导三倍体效果最佳；授粉96h后，以浓度0．3％秋水仙碱持续处理24h，诱导四倍体效果最佳。另外树上杂交，授粉96h后，以浓度0．1％秋水仙碱持续处理48h，诱导三倍体效果最佳；授粉120h后，以浓度0．1％秋水仙碱持续处理48h，诱导四倍体效果最佳。结论]对山杨、中美山杨授粉后施加秋水仙碱处理，成功获得了三倍体与四倍体，结果表明利用秋水仙碱溶液诱导山杨多倍体行之有效。

Study on the Uqe of Colchicine to Induce Aliopolypioidy Plants in Populus davidiana Dode.

Objective ] Based on the double advantage, using heterosis of cross and polyploidization obtained excellent new Populus davidiana Dode. Method]Taking Populus davidiana Dode. and its hybrids Populus davidiiana ~ P. tremuloides as female parent, Populus davidiana Dode. and as Populus alba L. var. pyramidalis as male parent, hybridization was on the tree and in water culture by cutting branches. Female catkins were treated with colchicine solution to obtain allopolyploidy plants and detecting chromosomal ploidy by flow cytometry. Result]The results showed that the most effective induction to obtain triploid for hydroponic hybridization was 0.3% colehicine for 24 h at 48 h after polli- nation. And the most effective induction to obtain tetraploid was 0.3% colchicine for 24 h at 96 h after pollination. In addition for hybridization on the tree, the most effective induction to obtain triploid was 0.1% colchicine for 48 h at 96 h after pollination. And the most effective induc- tion to obtain tetraploid was O. 1% colchicine for 48 h at 120 h after pollination. Conclusion] Using colchicine on Populus davidiana Dode. and Populus davidiiana ~ P. tremuloides after pollination has successfully gained triploid and tetraploid. Results showed that using, colchi- cine induced Populus davidiana Dode. polyploidy is effective.