不同苹果矮化中间砧组合适宜栽植密度试验

目的]确定不同苹果矮化中间砧组合宽行密植栽培模式的合理栽植密度.方法]选用2010年的定植天红2号/SH40/八棱海棠、烟富3/M9/八棱海棠、烟富3/M26/八棱海棠为试材,进行不同栽植密度试验,调查分析树体发育情况、枝类组成、果实品质、产量.其中,栽培密度：天红2号/SH40/八棱海棠0.75 m×4.00m、1.50m×4.00m、1.00m×4.00m、1.25 m ×4.00m;烟富3/M9/八棱海棠1.25m×4.00m、1.00m×4.00m、0.75 m×4.00m;烟富3/M26/八棱海棠1.50m×4.00m、1.25 m ×4.00 m、1.00 m ×4.00 m、0.75 m ×4.00m.结果]3种砧穗组合所有处理树高均小于行距,行间均无交接现象,果胎枝所占比例0.75 m×4.00m和1.00m×4.00m处理较高.天红2号/SH40/八棱海棠以栽植密度0.75 m ×4.00 m处理产量最高,1.00m×4.00m处理果实硬度最高,1.25m×4.00m处理干截面积产量最低;烟富3/M9/八棱海棠以栽植密度0.75 m×4.00 m处理产量最高,并且果实品质优于其他处理;烟富3/M26/八棱海棠以1.25 m ×4.00 m处理干截面积产量较高,0.75 m×4.00m处理产量最高,并且果实品质优于1.25m×4.00m和1.50 m ×4.00 m处理.另外,0.75 m×4.00m栽植密度下,烟富3/M9/八棱海棠产量最高,烟富3/M26/八棱海棠次之,红2号/SH40/八棱海棠最低.结论]烟富3/M26/八棱海棠和烟富3/M9/八棱海棠进行宽行密植栽培株行距选择0.75 m×4.00m为宜,天红2号/SH40/八棱海棠应选择0.75m ×4.00 m或1.00 m ×4.00 m.

Experiment of Suitable Planting Density of Different Apple Dwarfing Inter-rootstocks Combinations

Objective ] The aim was to confirm on the reasonable planting density of width row and close planting cultivation pattern of differ- ent apple dwarfing inter-rootstocks combinations. Method ] Three combinations of Tianhong No. 2/SH40/Malus robusta Rehd. , Yanfu 3/ M9/Malus robusta Rehd. , Yanfu 3/M26/Malus robusta Rehd. planted in 2010 were taken as the trial materials to conduct on the different planting density test to investigate and analyze tree growth status, branch types proportion, fruit quality and yield. Thereinto, the planting den- sities of Tianhong No. 2/SH40/Malus robusta Rehd. combination were 0.75 m x 4.00 m, 1.50 m x 4.00 m, 1.00 m × 4.00 m, 1.25 m × 4.00 m, resp. , that ofYanfu3/M9/Malus robusta Rehd. combination were 1.25 m ×4.00 m, 1.00 m ×4.00 m, 0.75 m ×4.00 m, resp. , that of Yanfu 3/M26/Malus robusta Rehd. combination were 1.50 m ×4.00 m, 1.25 m ×4.00 m, I. 00 m ×4.00 m, 0.75 m ×4.00 m, re- sp.. Result] The plant height of all treatments of three combinations were all smaller than row space, and there were no cross among bran- ches, the ratio of fruit branches of 0.75 m × 4.00 m and 1.00 m × 4.00 m treatments were higher. The yield of Tianhong No. 2/SH40/Malus robusta Rehd. was the highest when its planting density was 0.75 m × 4.00 m, its fruit hardness was the highest when its planting density was 1.00 m × 4.00 m, its dry area yield was the lowest when its planting density was 1.25 m × 4.00 m ; The yield of Yanfu 3/M9/Malus robusta Rehd. was the highest when its planting density was 0.75 m × 4.00 m, and the fruit quality was superior to the other treatments; The dry area yield of Yanfu 3/M26/Malus robusta Rehd. was the highest when its planting density was 1.25 m × 4.00 m, its yield was the highest when its planting density was 0.75 m ×4.00 m and the quality was superior to the other two planting density treatments. Moreover, when the planting density was 0.75 m x4.00 m, the yield of Yanfu 3/M9/Malus robusta Rehd. was the highest, and the next was Yanfu 3/M26/Malus