机械收获对不同甘蔗品种原料蔗质量及宿根发株的影响

目的]筛选和选育适应机械化生产管理的甘蔗品种（Saccharum officinarun L.）,并研究适应机械化作业的农艺技术,为促进甘蔗收获机械化推广应用提供参考.方法]在大田生产条件下,对12个甘蔗品种进行机械收获,研究不同甘蔗品种机械收获原料蔗质量及宿根发株表现.结果]桂糖03-2287、ROC22、桂糖04-120、C1-2003、桂辐98-296、粤糖93-159机收原料蔗含杂率5.75％～7.65％,桂糖32号、桂糖31号、桂糖30号、桂糖21号、ROC16、桂糖29号机收原料蔗含杂率8.34％～11.18％.桂糖29号、桂糖03-2287、桂糖30号、桂糖04-120、桂糖21号、C1-2003、桂辐98-296、ROC16机收宿根发株能力较强,发株率达103.84％以上;与人工收获相比,C1-2003、桂糖21号、桂糖04-120机收宿根发株能力增强,桂糖03-2287、桂糖30号、ROC22机收宿根发株能力变化不大,粤糖93-159、ROC16、桂辐98-296、桂糖29号机收宿根发株能力减弱.结论]选育和种植宿根发株能力强、抗（耐）损伤力强的甘蔗品种,可以提高宿根发株率、增加蔗苗数,对获取机收宿根蔗高产稳产具有重要意义.

Quality of Raw Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) and Plants Generation Rate of Ratoon Sugarcane of Different Sugarcane Cultivars Harvested by Machine

Objective] The aim was to screen and breed sugarcane cultivars suitable for mechanical production and management, and study the agronomic technology suitable for mechanical operation, and then provide a reference for promoting the popularization and application of sugarcane mechanical harvest. Method] Twelve sugarcane cultivars were harvested by machine in field to study their quality of raw sugarcane and plants generation rate of ratoon sugarcane. Result] The impurity rate of raw sugarcane harvested by machine of Guitang03-2287, ROC22, Guitang04-120, C1-2003, Guifu98-296, Yuetang93-159 was 5.75% -7.65%, and that of Guitang No. 32, Guitang Nb. 31, Guitang No. 30, Guitang No. 21, ROC16, Guitang No. 29 was 8.34%-11.18%. The plants generation vigor of ratoon sugarcane harvested by ma- chine of Guitang No. 29, Guitang03-2287, Guitang No. 30, Guiang04-120, Guitang No. 21, C1-2003, Guifu98-296, ROC16 was stronger and their plants generation rate was more than 103.84% ; comparing to artificial harvest, the plants generation vigor of ratoon sugarcane har- vested by machine of C1-2003, Guitang No. 21, Guiang04-120 increased, that of Guitang03-2287, Guitang No. 30, ROC22 changed a little, that of Yuetang93-159, ROC16, Guifu98-296, Guitang No. 29 decreased. Conclusion] That breed and plant sugarcane cuhivars with strong plants generation vigor of ratoon and resistance to damage improves plants generation rate of ratoon and increases sugarcane seedlings number, which has an important significance for high and stable yield of ratoon sugarcane harvested by machine.