土壤中重金属消解方法的比较

目的]通过采用3种土壤消解方法来对比各自的优缺点,为实验室操作选择合适方法.方法]采用电热板加热消解、微波消解和全自动石墨消解3种方法对土壤标准样品GSS-8进行消解,通过测定样品中Cu、Pb、Ni 3种重金属元素的含量对3种消解方法进行比较.结果]电热板加热消解将土壤样品彻底消解；微波消解速度相对较快,密封消解避免了一些易挥发组分的损失,并且外源性污染少；全自动石墨消解方法按照步骤进行消解与结束.结论]电热板加热消解是全量分解法,敞开系统；微波消解减少废酸、废气的排放,外源性污染少；全自动石墨消解步骤预先设定,按照程序消解,有效改变电热板加热对操作人员的危害.

Comparison of Digestion Methods of Heavy Metals in Soil

Objective ] Respective advan＇tages and disadvantages of three kinds of soil digestion method Were compared. And a suitable meth- od for the lab operation was chosen. Method] Soil standard sample GSS-8 was digested by three kinds of methods of heating electricity-plate digestion, microwave digestion and graphite digested automatic method. Cu, Pb and Ni in the sample were determined to compare three kinds of different methods. Result] Heating electricity-plate digestion could completely eliminate soil samples. Microwave digestion speed was rela- tively fast, and sealed digestion could avoid the loss of some volatile components and exogenous pollution was less. The disintegration of auto- made graphite digestion method should be carried out in accordance with the steps and end. Conclusion] Heating electricity-plate digestion is the full amount of decomposition method, which is an open system. Microwave digestion could reduce waste and acid emissions, exogenous pollution was less. Aromatic graphite digestion＇s step was set in advance, according to the program, effectively changed the electricity plate heat harm to operators.