影响壳聚糖脱乙酰度的因素研究

目的]制备高脱乙酰度、高黏度的壳聚糖。方法]通过正交试验,研究甲壳素品种和粒度、碱液浓度、碱处理方式、温度5个因素对壳聚糖脱乙酰度的影响,利用优化条件制备壳聚糖后,测定其黏度和脱乙酰度。结果]不同因素对壳聚糖脱乙酰度的影响依次为碱处理方式>碱液浓度>温度>甲壳素粒度>甲壳素的品种。优化的壳聚糖制备条件为碱处理方式1+1+1、碱液浓度50%、温度110℃、甲壳素粒度20、甲壳素的品种为东海小虾壳。制备的壳聚糖的脱乙酰度和黏度分别为94%和2760 mPa.s。结论]将得到的壳聚糖制成壳聚糖醋酸膜,对活性橙的染料废水有明显脱色效果。

Study on the Factors Affected the Deacetylation Degree or Chitosan

Objective] The aim of the research was to prepare chitosan with high deacetylation degree and high viscosity.Method] In the orthogonal test,the effects of 5 factors including the varieties and particle size of chitin,lye concn.,alkali treatment mode and temperature on the deacetylation degree of chitosan were studied.After chitosan was prepared under the optimized conditions,its viscosity and deacetylation degree was determined.Result] The effects of different factors on the deacetylation degree of chitosan was orderly as alkali treatment mode> lye concn.> temperature >the particle size of chitin > the varieties of chitin.The optimized conditions of preparing chitosan were as follows: alkali treatment mode of 1+1+1,lye concn at 50%,temperature at 110 ℃,using the shrimp shell from the East China Sea as chitin variety with the particle size of 20.The viscosity and deacetylation degree of the prepared chitosan were 94% and 2 760 mPa·s resp.Conclusion] The prepared chitosan was made into chitosan acetic membrane and it had obvious decolorizing effect on dye wastewater of active orange.