黔东南州天柱县植烟土壤保育与改良研究

植烟土壤是确保烤烟优质高产的关键因素之一,通过对天柱县植烟土壤烟田基本情况、土壤退化情况、土壤保育与改良情况、土地整理情况等进行调查,结果表明:该烟区地块比较破碎,有便利的排水条件或健全的排水设施,无洪涝灾害的烟田面积为420.00 hm~2,占63.0%;土壤板结发生面积为136.00 hm~2,占基本烟田的20.4%;有机质含量下降发生面积为208 hm~2,占基本烟田的31.2%;水土流失发生面积为169.33 hm~2,占基本烟田的25.4%。为此,应采取土壤改良措施,以促进天柱特色优质烤烟的发展。

Conservation and Improvement of Tobacco Soil in Tianzhu County of Qiandongnan

Tobacco soil was one of key factors for ensuring to produce good quality and high yield flue-cured tobacco.Basic suitation,degrada-tion,conservation and improvement and consolidation of tobacco soil were surveyed.The results showed that block was crushing, drainage con-dition was convenient,drainage facility was perfect.Tobacco soil area without flood disaster was 420.00 hm2 ,it was 63.0% of basic tobacco soil area.Soil hardening area was 136.00 hm2 ,it was 20.4%of basic tobacco soil.Area of tobacco soil decreasing organic matter was 208 hm2 , it was 31.2% of basic tobacco soil.soil and water loss area was 169.33 hm2 ,it was 25.4% of basic tobacco soil.Therefore,soil improvement measure should be adopted to promote the development of Tianzhu high quality flue-cured tobacco.