滴灌条件下种植密度对新冬20生长及产量性状的影响

目的]明确不同种植密度对南疆滴灌冬小麦生长特性与产量构成的影响。方法]以新冬20为供试材料,设置3种种植密度,对其群体、个体生长性状及产量构成进行调查。结果]随生育进程的发展,总茎数与叶面积指数呈现先增加后减少的趋势,而干物质积累量则持续增加;最大总茎数在拔节期出现,单株叶面积和群体LAI最大值在抽穗-扬花期。随密度增加,最高总茎数、株高、单株最大叶面积、群体最大LAI、单株和群体最大干物质积累量均呈增加趋势,其中350万株/hm2密度处理下的总茎数和单株干物质积累量变化较大,而650万株/hm2密度处理的单株叶面积和群体LAI变化较大,500万株/hm2密度处理的群体干物质积累量变化较大,且产量构成因素均达到最大,产量最高达8 472.49 kg/hm2。结论]在南疆地区,为了获得高产高效,冬小麦密度应控制在500万株/hm2时较好。

Effects of Planting Density on Growth and Yield Traits of Xindong 20 under Drip Irrigation

Objective] To explicit the effects of different planting density on growth traits and yield components of winter wheat under drip ir-rigation in southern Xinjiang. Method] With winter wheat cultivar Xindong 20 as the test material, 3 planting densities were set up, and their population, individual growth characters and yield components were investigated. Result] With the growth process, the total stem number and leaf area index increased first and then decreased, while dry matter accumulation continued to increase.The maximum total number of stems was at the jointing stage, the maximum leaf area and group LAI value was at the heading flowering stage.With the increase of density, the maximum total stem number, plant height, maximum leaf area per plant, maximum LAI of colony, maximum dry matter accumulation per plant and population showed an increasing trend, among them, the total stem number and dry matter accumulation per plant of 3500 thousand plants/hm2 density treatments greatly, the leaf area and population LAI of 6500 thousand plants/hm2 density treatments varied greatly, the dry matter accumulation of 5000 thousand plants/hm2 density treatments changed greatly, and its yield components were the biggest, the yield was as high as 8472.49 kg/hm2.Conclusion] In Southern Xinjiang, the density of winter wheat should be controlled at 5000 thousand plants/hm2 in order to obtain higher yield and benefit.