四川震毁企业场地健康风险评估实例研究

2008年汶川大地震使一些损毁企业的原料、中间产品等发生泄漏,这些泄漏物以及损毁企业长期积存的有害废物对环境产生了巨大的污染风险。以德阳市一家损毁的磷制品企业为例,运用单因子污染指数法和《污染场地风险评估技术导则》中的健康风险模型,详细地评价了场地砷的健康风险。评价结果显示,在初步评价的3种有害元素中,与启动风险筛选值相比,砷的污染指数最高,达到了50,因此砷被确定为该场地的风险因子。深度评价中,砷在不同用地模式下的健康风险均是不可忽视的,且最高危害指数达1.01E-04。场地砷的致癌风险较大,若想再利用则必须经过修复,消除风险之后才可以正常使用。

The Case Research of Health Risk Assessment of Destroyed Enterprise Site in Sichuan

The raw material and intermediate products of some destroyed enterprises leaked to environment because of the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008.The leakage and long-term hazardous waste of these enterprises produced a huge risk.Taking a destroyed enterprise of phosphorus product in Deyang City as an example,the site health risk of arsenic was assessed detailedly by the single factor pollution index method and the health risk calculation model in the Guidelines for Risk Assessment of Contaminated Sites.The assessment indicated that in the preliminary evaluation,compared with screening values at starting risk,the pollution index of arsenic was the highest in three harmful elements,reaching 50.So arsenic was identified as the site risk factor.In further evaluation,the health risk of arsenic was not neglected under different modes of land use and the highest hazard index reached 1.01E-04.The site produced a larger carcinogenic risk and the site should eliminate risk through soil remediation before reused.