饲粮中添加蜂花粉对猪肉系水力的影响

目的]研究饲粮中添加不同比例的蜂花粉对杜×长×大生长肥育猪猪肉系水力的影响，以期找到最佳的添加比例。方法]选取80头体重10kg左右的杜×长×大三元杂交猪为试验动物，随机分成5组，试验期为120d。整个试验期不换料。猪只自由取食和饮水，宰前24h禁食不禁水。使用玉米一豆粕型基础饲粮，第1组为不添加蜂花粉的对照组，第2、3、4和5组分别为添加1％、3％、5％和7％蜂花粉的试验组。屠宰后取眼肌，分别采用快速滤纸法、滴水损失法、烹饪损失法和拿破率测定法测定其系水力。结果]随着蜂花粉添加比例的增加，猪肉系水力呈现先优后劣的变化趋势。其中，饲粮中添加5％的蜂花粉能够显著降低猪肉的滴水损失和系水力（P〈0．05），而对烹饪损失和拿破率的影响不显著。结论]饲粮中添加蜂花粉可有效改善杜×长×大生长肥育猪肉系水力，其添加比例以饲粮总量的5％为宜。

Effects of Addition of Bee Pollen on Water Holding Capacity of Pork

Objective]To explore the effects of different proportion of bee pollen on the water holding capacity of pork in Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire growing-finishing pigs in order to determine the optimal proportion. Method]A total of 80 Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire growing-finishing pigs, weighing 10 kg, were randomly divided into five groups. The experimental period was 120 d including the 5-day pre-feeding period. The corn-soybean meal was not replaced during the whole period. All pigs had free access to feed and water. The pigs were fasting for 24 h but not prohibited from feed before the beginning. Group Ⅰ was the control group reared with the diet not added bee pollen. The pigs in group Ⅱ, Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ were reared with the diet added bee pollen at the concentration of 1%, 3%, 5% and 7%, respectively. After slaughtering, ophthalmoplegia was used for the determination of water holding capacity through fast filter paper method, drip loss method, cooking loss method and Napole yield determination method. Result]With the increase of the proportion of bee pollen, the water holding capacity of pork was first good and then poor. The addition of bee pollen at the concentration of 5% significantly reduced the drip loss of pork and the water holding capacity which was detected by fast filter paper method, but the cooking loss and Napole yield were not significantly influenced. Conclusion]The bee pollen can effectively improve the water holding capacity of pork in Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire growing-finishing pigs, and the optimal proportion is 5%.